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Abstract
Background : Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by weak bone. It is a major public health problem, affecting hundreds of millions of people worldwide, predominantly postmenopausal women. The main clinical consequence of the disease is bone fractures. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of low intensity pulsed ultrasound in treatment of low bone mineral density (BMD) of femoral neck in postmenopausal women. Methods: Thirty-six postmenopausal women with low femoral neck bone mineral density ageing between 45 to 75 years with BMI between 28.2 to 45.7 kg/m2 participated in this study. They were assigned randomly into two study groups (18 Osteopenic subjects: with a T-score between {u2013}1.0 and {u2013}2.5, and 18 Osteoporotic subjects: with a T-score at or below {u2013}2.5) as each subject was her control in a single group pretest posttest study design. All participants received the treatment of low intensity pulsed ultra sound (LIPUS) for successive six months. Young-adult T-score, age-matched Z-score and both 10-years probability of major osteoporotic hip fracture and 10-years probability of hip fracture were screened using Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) and assessed by FRAX® desktop individual entry model (version 3.91). All participants were tested twice; before and after the application of LIPUS therapy