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Abstract
Aims: To determine the prevalence, risk factors of HBV infection among pregnant women, knowledge about hepatitis B , rate of horizontal and vertical transmission to newborns and to assess immunity against HBV in pregnant women and newborns, the preventive role of HBIG and HBV vaccine on the carrier state of newborns and also the best schedule to be given to infants. Methods: cross sectional study Phase I: conducted on 825 pregnant women allover Egypt, they were screened for HBV seromarkers: HBsAg , HBsAb, HbCIgM. Positive HBsAg cases were confirmed by both CLA and PCR. Phase II: Father and newborns of HBV positive mothers were screened for HBV sero-positivity also HBsAb level was assessed after giving HBV vaccine and immunoglobulins to newborns. A control group of HBsAg negative mothers was chosen and test results for husband and newborns were compared to the HBsAg mothers (cases). Results: Eight pregnant women, 0.97 % were HBsAg positive. The prevalence in Minia governorate in Upper Egypt was 2.87%. HBsAb and HbcIgM was 22.6 % and 0.36 % for HBV. The mean age for HBsAg positive women was 22.6 ± 3.2 years and median was 21.5 years. Significant risk factors for HBV transmission were history of blood transmission and interfamilial transmission. No vertical or horizontal transmission occurred between positive mothers and their Husband or infant