الفهرس 
Evaluation of bond strength, surface adaptation, and antibacterial effect of a newly developed bioceramic{u2013}based sealer 2Smart paste bio3
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare Smart paste bio sealer with AH Plus sealer regarding the push-out bond strength after various irrigation protocols (95% Ethanol, distilled water, 5.25%NaOCl and QMix 2 in1). Materials & Methods: forty extracted single canalled maxillary incisor human teeth were standardized to 15 mm length and mechanically instrumented using ProTaper universal rotary files to file size F4. The roots were randomly divided into two groups (n=20) according to the filling material used. group 1 ( Smart paste bio+Propoint F4) and group 2 (AH Plus+gutta percha F4). Each group was subdivided into four subgroup (n=5) according to the final irrigating solution used before obturation. Subgroup A: 2ml of 95% Ethanol. Subgroup B: 2 ml of distilled water. Subgroup C: 2ml of 5.25% NaOCl. Subgroup D: 2ml of QMix 2in 1. The specimens were obturated with the single cone technique. Then the roots were sectioned into three horizontal sections of 2 mm thickness, cut from coronal, middle and apical thirds of each root. Each section was prepared for push-out test using universal testing machine. Results: group 1 recorded statistically significant higher push-out bond strength than group 2. Subgroup C (5.25% NaOCl) recorded statistically significant the highest mean push-out bond strength followed by subgroup A (95% ethanol) followed by subgroup (B) and (C) which recorded the lowest push-out bond strength values. Bond strength values were significantly higher in the coronal and middle segments in comparison to apical segments. Conclusion: Smart paste bio sealer has the highest bond strength compared to AH Plus sealer when single cone technique was used and bond strength was differentially affected by irrigation regimens