الفهرس 
Clinical and laboratory evaluation of rumen fermentation pattern of sheep in health and diseases
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Abstract
Rumen fermentation pattern of sheep was greatly affected by several factors. This investigation was conducted to evaluate the effect of sex, seasons and digestive disorders on physical examination, blood constituents and rumen fermentation pattern in Baladi Egyptian sheep. For this objective, total number of 105 Baladi sheep was classified according to clinical presentation into apparently healthy 58 and clinically diseased 47. The apparently healthy animals were divided according seasons into: autumn 15, spring 16, summer 17 and winter 10, while they were divided according to sex into: ram 26 and ewe 32. Diseased animals were suffering clinically from different digestive disorders; simple indigestion 19, rumen acidosis 12, rumen alkalosis 8 and frothy bloat 8; field cases 3 and experimentally-induced 5. All animals were subjected to detailed case history, comprehensive clinical examination and blood and rumen liquor sampling for analysis. Obtained results revealed that sex of sheep had no significant effect on clinical examination, blood and rumen liquor constituents with an exception of some rumen fermentation characteristics; ewe had significant increase in propionic acid while ram had significant increase in butyric acid and methane production. Autumn had significant increase in rumen pH and acetic acid with significant decrease in TPC, Epidinium, NH₃ -N, rumen Ca and RBCs count. Winter had significant 3 increase in epidinium, TPC, lactic, butyric acids, rumen Ca, rumen Mg, RBCs count, MCHC, WBCs count, total protein, globulin and serum Mg with significant decrease in Entodinium, PCV, MCV, A/G ratio and serum urea N