الفهرس 
arterial disorders in type 2 diabetesabetes Pulsed electromagnetic field versus high intensity interval training on peripheral0
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Abstract
Background: Pulsed Electromagnetic Field and high intensity training has been demonstrated to be a beneficial treatment for a wide range of conditions as enhancing the arterial blood flow and pain relief. It is safe and non-invasive therapy and could be employed as a complementary therapy in the treatment of peripheral arterial disorder. Purpose: To compare the effect of Pulsed Electromagnetic Field with High Intensity Interval Training on pain intensity level and endothelial function of the lower extremity Peripheral Arterial Disorder in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Methods: A pre-test post-test design. Thirty male patients diagnosed as Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with age ranged from 50-60 years old, with lower extremity peripheral arterial disorder and intermittent claudication were recruited according to power analysis test and divided into two groups; group (A) received Pulsed Electromagnetic Field therapy at a frequency of 10 Hz and intensity 10 mT. The treatment was administered for 20 min per session and total of 24 sessions, in addition to conventional physical therapy program and their conventional medication. group (B) received High Intensity Interval training in the form of bicycle ergometer exercise for lower limb and total of 24 sessions, the same conventional physical therapy program and their conventional medication. Before and after-treatment assessment using numerical pain rating scale, ankle brachial index and flow mediated dilatation percentage were conducted for each patient. Results: Within groups: the analysis using 2x2 mixed design multivariate analysis of variance showed a statistically significant improvement for all measured variables (numerical pain rating scale score, ankle brachial index and flow mediated dilatation percentage) in each group (p<0.0001). Between groups analysis revealed that there was significant difference in the post-test means of ankle brachial index between groups with p=0.038. This significant increase in favour of group (A). While there was no significant difference in the post-test means values of the numerical pain rating scale score and flow mediated dilatation percentage between groups (p=0.857, p=0.271) respectively. Conclusion: It was concluded that Pulsed Electromagnetic Field therapy was superior to High Intensity Interval Training in improving endothelial function represented by Ankle Brachial Index, on the other hand Electromagnetic Field therapy and High Intensity Interval Training were the same in improving the numerical pain rating scale score and flow mediated dilatation percentage.