الفهرس 
I- Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) represents a heterogeneous group of acute hematologic malignancies produced by the myeloid lineage within the hematopoietic system. This hematologic malignancy is characterized by differentiation arrest and uncontrolled proliferation of precursor cells (blasts) of the myeloid lineage, resulting in impaired hematopoiesis and/ or bone marrow failure. AML is the most common form of leukemia in adults. Although many AML patients initially achieve remission after induction chemotherapy, relapse and refractory disease are the major causes of treatment failure. Recent advances in molecular genetics have led to the discovery of new oncogenic signaling pathways and molecular or genetic aberrations involved in the malignant transformation of myeloid precursors to leukemic blasts, which in turn has led to improved diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for patients with AML. The frequent occurrence of mutations and gene alterations has spurred the development of novel agents for the treatment of AML. The Hedgehog (Hh) pathway and other intracellular signaling pathways are important for the tumor cells’ cycle or therapeutic resistance of AML cells.
GLI transcription factors shifting the balance toward pathway activation.
This study included 46 newly diagnosed AML patients: 27 males and 19 females.
All patients were subjected to the following:
Clinical Assessment:
History:
Clinical Examination.
Laboratory Investigations:
A. Routine work-up of leukemia patients:
Laboratory data were reviewed from patients’ medical records to establish the diagnosis and classification and included:
Complete blood counts,
Bone marrow examination,
Immunophenotyping,
Cytogenetics and
Molecular detection for FLT3.
B. Special Investigations:
Detection of expression levels of GLI-1 gene by Real time PCR in AML bone marrow samples at diagnosis.
Statistical analysis was done between GLI-1 gene and different parameters and showed the following results:
GLI-1 expression and patients characteristics:
We did not demonstrate statistically significant difference in GLI-1 gene expression among different age groups, between males and females, p = 0.246 and 0.882 respectively.
There was no statistically significance difference in GLI-1 gene expression between patients with splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy and those who with no organomegaly at presentation. (p=0.322, p=0.843, p= 0.471 and p=0.180).