الفهرس 
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Abstract
consecutive seasons of 2020 and 2021 on: grapevine “Red Roomy” cultivar grown in the experimental orchard of fruit section, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University. “Red Roomy” cultivar was 12 years old at the beginning of the experiment, and was planted at 2x2.5 m apart. Twenty four standardized grapevines from the cultivar were selected and devoted to achieve this study. “Red Roomy” cultivars was pruned as a traditional head training system with 15 fruiting spurs X 3 buds plus 5 replacements spurs X 2 buds/vine, Thus, the total buds left on each vine were 55 buds.
The following treatments have been carried out on each vine:
Treatments:
1. Control (water only)
2. Spraying with CPPU at 2.5 ppm.
3. Spraying with Moringa leaf extracts at 2%.
4. Spraying with Moringa leaf extracts at 4%.
5. Spraying with Pomegranate peel extracts at 2%.
6. Spraying with Pomegranate peel extracts at 4%.
7. Spraying with Turmeric extract at 2%.
8. Spraying with Turmeric extract at 4%.
The vines were sprayed using a hand gun sprayer. A total volume of 2 liters was sufficient for spraying 3 vines at maximum vine growth. A surfactant ’’Rexy film’’ at 0.5 ml/L. was added to the spraying solutions and the spray was done till runoff. Control trees were sprayed with tap water containing ’’Rexy film’. CPPU was sprayed on cluster only. The spraying compounds were added three times: at 10 cm. shoot length, at first bloom stage and a month after berry setting. The horticultural practices such as irrigation, soil management and fertilization have been implemented as recommended. Experiment was setup as a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with tree replications for each treatment and one vine per each. All the obtained data were tabulated and analyzed according to (Gomez & Gomez, 1984 and Snedecor & Cochran, 1990) using L.S.D. test at 5% level of the probability for distinguishing the significance differences between various treatment means according to Steel and Torrie (1980).
The following measurements were taken on each vine:
1- Average leaf area (cm2).
2- Leaf chlorophyll content.
3- Weight of one-year old pruning wood.
4- Berry set percentage.
5- Yield (kg/vine) was recorded.
6- Cluster no. /vine was recorded.
7- Cluster weight (g.) was recorded.
8- Some physical and chemical characteristics of the berries namely Cluster length, Berries number / cluster, cluster compactness coefficient, Weight of 25 berries, Total soluble solids (TSS %), Total anthocyanin and Total acidity (T.A).
The nearly same obtained data during the two seasons could be summarized under the following main topics:
1- Some vegetative growth characteristics:
The three vegetative growth characteristics namely leaf area, total chlorophyll and pruning wood weight were positively affected by foliar applications of moringa leaf extract, pomegranate peel extract and turmeric extract at two concentrations namely 2 and 4%. No significant differences were found due to increase the extract concentration as well as any extract spraying, whatever moringa, pomegranate peel, turmeric. On the other hand, there are no significantly affected of CPPU at 2.5 ppm on vegetative growth traits compared to sprayed water one (control).
2- Yield components:
Berry set, cluster weight and yield/vine were significantly affected by all treatments in both seasons compared with control. Number of clusters borne on the vine during the first studied season did not alter with varying the spraying treatments. Spraying CPP at 2.5ppm resulted in more announced and highly significant increment in berry set and cluster weight compared to unsprayed ones (control). Spraying with moringa leaf extract at 2% gave the highest weight of yield. No significant differences were found due to increase the extract concentration as well as any extract spraying, whatever moringa, pomegranate peel or turmeric.
3- Some physical and chemical characteristics of the berries:
Physiochemical properties were significantly improved by spraying either moringa, pomegranate peel, turmeric extracts or CPPU compared to unsprayed vines. The highest values of number of berries and cluster compactness were recorded due to the spraying of vines with CPPU at 2.5 ppm. While, the highest values of cluster length and weight of 25 berries were recorded due to foliar application with moringa leaf extract at 2%.
All natural extracts treatments significantly increased total soluble solids, reducing sugar and total anthocyanin and significantly decreased the total acidity in berry juice compared to CPPU at 2.5ppm and untreated one (control). TSS, reducing sugar and anthocyanin were unaffected significantly by foliar application with CPPU at 2.5 ppm relative to the control treatment. CPPU at 2.5 ppm gave the lowest anthocyanin and highest total acidity compared with all natural extracts and unsprayed ones. No significant differences were found due to increase the extract concentration as well as any extract spraying whatever moringa, pomegranate peel or turmeric on view economic point, it could be concluded that spraying any plant