الفهرس 
Children’s experiences prior to EndoscopyOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The purpose of the study was to: -Evaluate the effect of developmental psychological preparation on coping strategies of pediatric patients undergoing endoscopy.Research design: -A Quasi- experimental design (study and control groups) was utilized.Setting: -This study was conducted at Endoscopy Department of National Liver Institute in Menoufia University.Sample: - A convenient sample of 100 children undergoing endoscopy was included in the current study. They were divided into two groups: -Study group received developmental psychological preparation (n= 50).Control group received routine preparation (n= 50).Instruments of the study: -Seven instruments were utilized for data collection: Instrument one: characteristics structured questionnaire Instrument two: Physiological evaluation sheet Instrument three: Children’s Coping Strategies Checklist (CCSC)Instrument four: Observational scale for behavioral distress (OSBD) Instrument five: Spielberg State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Instrument Six: Pediatric End Stage Liver Disease (PELD) Score Instrument Seven: Model for End Stage Liver Disease (MELD) Score The main results of the study showed that:1- There was a reduction in the mean level of behavioral distress on posttest in study group. So, there was a very highly statistical significant difference between study and control groups (p<.001).2- It was obvious that the children had reduced behavioral distress as they more grow-up. So, there was a statistical significant difference between levels of behavioral distress of children from birth to 12 years in the study and control groups post intervention (p.05).3- There was increase in the mean level of coping on posttest in study group. So, there was a very highly statistical significant difference between study and control groups on posttest (p<.001).4- There was a reduction in the mean level of anxiety between study and control group. So, there was highly significant statistical difference between study and control group on posttest (p.01).The study concluded that:- Pediatric patients in the study group who are engaged in developmental psychological preparation exhibited more adequate coping strategies and less anxiety level on post intervention than patients in the control group. Also, pediatric patients in the study group who are engaged in the developmental psychological preparation exhibited more adequate coping strategies and less anxiety level on posttest than pretest.Based on the results of the study it was recommended that:1. Ongoing in-service education programs about developmental psychological preparation of pediatric patients before endoscopy should be designed and implemented in all pediatric endoscopy departments to improve nurses’ practices and skills.2. Hospital polices should incorporate developmental psychological preparation as a routine nursing care for children undergoing endoscopy and their parents.3. Future studies should be applied on a larger sample and different settings to investigate the effect of developmental psychological preparation on coping strategies of pediatric patients undergoing endoscopy to ensure the generalizability of results.