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Abstract
Background and Aims: The Helicobacter pylori CagA gene is a major virulence factor that plays an important role in gastroduodenal pathologies. CagA gene undergoes tyrosine phosphorylation in a region containing differing numbers of repeat sequences (EPIYAs), which can result in a modulation of the inflammatory response. The aim of this study is to determine the distribution of the different EPIYA motifs in an Egyptian population for the first time and to detect any possible correlation with the different gastroduodenal pathologies. Patients and Methods: Gastric biopsies were collected from 121 patients with gastritis, duodenal ulcer (DU), gastric ulcer (GU), and gastric cancer or precancerous lesions. H. pylori was detected in 58 biopsies by PCR, then CagA gene in 33 isolates. Finally, The EPIYA motif genotyping was determined and statistical analysis was done to determine any possible correlations. Results: Out of the 33 Cag A positive strains, EPIYA-ABC was the most presented pattern in 23 isolates (69.7%) and the least common pattern was EPIYA-ABCCC, which was positive only in two cases (6.1%). Both EPIYA-AB and EPIYA-ABCC were presented in 4 strains for each (12.1% for each). There were significant statistical correlations between presence of Cag A gene and both PUD and GU, beside correlation between no more than one EPIYA-C motif group and chronic non-atrophic gastritis