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Abstract The nanotechnology industry is growing very rapidly with significant economic and scientific effect on wide arenas of application (Saquib et al., 2018). NPs can be manufactured by means of different synthetic routes, such as metals, carbon, metal oxides, polymers and biological molecules (Goyal, 2017). Metal oxide nanoparticles are used profoundly iron oxide in biomedical applications, cerium oxide in diesel additives, copper oxide in wood preservatives, silicon dioxide in skin care, aluminium oxide in polishing agents and like zinc oxide in sunscreens (Bulychev et al., 2018). Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) arouse a particular interest due to their unique intrinsic magnetic properties, the so called superparamagnetism. This feature, together with their high colloidal stability, makes them very attractive for a broad range of uses. from an industrial perspective, IONPs are frequently used in pigments which are low cost, colorfast, nontoxic and capable of imparting different colors{u2013} and as a food additive, which fortifies foods without altering their color or taste |