الفهرس 
Title: One year clinical evaluation of E.max laminate veneers with and without using grape seed extract as a natural collagen cross-linking agent before bonding
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Abstract
Statement of the problem:High failure rates of porcelain laminate veneers have been attributed to the exposure of dentin surface during preparation which greatly decreases the bonding strength at the dentin-cement interface. Natural and synthetic cross-linking agents have been introduced to restore dentin function and enhance bonding strength.Purpose:The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical performance of e.max CAD veneers bonded with and without using grape seed extract as a natural crosslinking agent before bonding.Materials and methods:A total of 20 ceramic laminate veneers were included in the study and completed by one operator (the researcher).The ceramic laminate veneers were fabricated by one experienced dental technician.The operator followed the five phases of laminate veneers fabrication. For the intervention group, we applied Grape Seed Extract (GSE) in the gel form to the previously etched tooth structure, then it{u2019}s washed away with water & gently dried before proceeding with conventional bonding steps as the control group. Follow up sessions were done every three months for one year. This was performed by an experienced, blinded investigator.Data were recorded and statistically analyzed using the Chi-square test and the significance level was set at P {u2264} 0.05. Results:There was no statistically significant difference between (group I) and (group II) where (p=1) as both groups showed (100%) Alpha in all time periods