الفهرس 
Overview and IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 228 |  |  |
| | | from | 228 | | |
Abstract
Chapter I: This chapter contains overview and introduction including the interfacial electrochemistry, electrochemical sensors as potentiometric and voltammetric techniques, types of voltammetric techniques as CV, SV, and SWV, types of the working electrode as carbon paste electrode (CPE) and chemically modified electrodes (CMEs) as Ca-MMT/CPE. Also, this chapter contains physicochemical methods for determination of the stoichiometry and stability constant of the complex by Continuous variation and Molar ratio methods. Chapter II: This chapter contains the literature survey concerning the published analytical methods for quantification of the VILD drug and its complex. No literature data for the voltammetric analysis of VILD as a complex with Cu2+ in bulk form, commercial formulation, and human serum was discovered. Chapter III: This chapter contains the apparatus of electro-chemical measurements as potentiostat model and the components of the micro-electrolysis cell. Also, this chapter contains the apparatus of spectroscopy measurements as UV-visible, FT-IR, 1H-NMR, SEM, and TGA measurements. Chemicals and materials for the procedures of electrochemical and MTT measurements were also described. Procedures for assay of VILD drug and its complex solutions in bulk form, dosage form, and spiked human serum were described. Preparation of the working electrode as CPE and Ca- MMT/CPE were described. Procedures used for investigation of the IC50 values of VILD and VILD-Cu2+ complex onto Coca-2 cancer cell line were described using electrochemical and MTT measurements (methods of antitumor activity). Potentiometric procedures used for determination of the pKa values of VILD and VILD-Cu2+ complex were described. Finally, the procedures used for determining the stability constant, stoichiometry, and free energy change of VILD-Cu2+ complex were also described. Chapter IV (Part (1)): This part includes characterization of the pure VILD drug and its complex with copper ion using FT-IR, 1H-NMR, TGA, and UV-Visible measurements. characterization of the surface interface properties of the working electrode (CPE, Ca-MMT clay, and Ca-MMT/CPE) using SEM and cyclic voltammetry were described. Investigation of the surface areas of the CPE and 5% Ca- MMT/CPE at the reduction and oxidation processes using cyclic voltammtry were also described. Chapter IV (Part (2)): This part includes the physicochemical parameters such as the pKa, stability constant, stoichiometry, and free energy change values of VILD drug and its complex were investigated. The pKa values of VILD and VILD-Cu2+ complex were determined and found to be 9.3 and 8.3, respectively, using potentiometric titration in order to illustrate the feasibility and prediction of the reaction pathway or reaction mechanism at 5% Ca-MMT/CPE. The stoichiometric ratio, stability constant, and free energy change physicochemical parameters of the complex were investigated using Job’s method and found to be 1:1, 1.005x107 M-1, and 39.934 kJ/mol, respectively. All of these parameters were in good agreement and matched with those obtained by electrochemical methods using SW-AdCSV technique. Chapter IV (Part (3)): This part includes the electrochemical behaviors of VILD drug at 5% Ca-MMT/CPE surface using cyclic voltammetry. Voltammetric quantitative analysis of VILD drug using SW-AdASV method in bulk form, commercial formulations, and spiked human serum at a modified electrode (5% Ca- MMT/CPE) was investigated in this chapter. Also, in this chapter, the IC50 value of VILD was measured in human colon cancer (Caco-2) cell line by SWV and MTT techniques. Chapter IV (Part (4)): The electrochemical behaviors such as the adsorption characters of VILD-Cu2+ complex at 5% Ca-MMT/CPE surface using cyclic voltammetry were studied in this chapter. Voltammetric assay of Vildagliptin drug as Vildagliptin-Cu2+ complex at calcium-montmorillonite clay modified with carbon paste electrode using SW-AdCSV method in bulk form, commercial formulations, and spiked human serum was investigated in this part. Also, in this part, the IC50 value of VILD-Cu2+ complex was measured in human colon cancer (Caco-2) cell line by SWV and MTT techniques.