الفهرس 
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Abstract
The purpose of this work is to offer a novel approach to designing multifunctional technical cotton textiles by coating them with smart bio-materials. Four different bionanocomposites (NC1,2; BNC1,2) comprising (ammonium‒salicylidene) chitosan Schiff base (ASCSB) and its nanocomposites (NC1, NC2) with TiO2, and ZnO nanoparticles as well as the polyphosphonium chitosan-hydrazone (PPCH) and its binary (PPCH-Ag) and ternary (PPCH-TiO2-Ag) bionanocomposites (BNC1, BNC2) were in-situ prepared and applied for treating cotton fibers using the facile pad-dry-cure process to impart antimicrobial and ultraviolet protection, characteristics. Notably, NC1 is TiO2-rich, while NC2 is rich in ZnO. The Physicochemical and visual characteristics of the new bionanocomposites and the treated fabrics were investigated by spectral, microscopic, and thermal methods.
The as-prepared NC1 exhibited a more homogeneous distribution, higher depositing density and smaller mean nanoparticle size (48 nm) when compared to NC2 (56 nm). In contrast, NC2-treated fabrics showed a higher depositing density of nanoparticles than NC1-treated ones. Moreover, BNC2-coated fabric (WCA = 152.1° and SA = 8.7°) showed full superhydrophobic behavior.
The NCs-treated cotton fibers demonstrated strong and sustainable antimicrobial impacts on S. aureus, E. coli, and C. albicans pathogens, with more effective performance for NC2-treated textiles in comparison to NC1-treated fabrics. The NC2-remediated cotton fabrics demonstrated a higher UV protection factor (UPF) value (53) as compared to NC1-coated fabrics (35), indicating that the ZnO-rich nanocompositeendowed cotton fabrics with more ultraviolet protection than TiO2-rich nanOCSomposite. On the other hand, the antimicrobial studies revealed a great enhancement in the antimicrobial properties of the BNCs-treated fabrics, with a slight preference for BNC1-coated fabric, when compared to the native or PPCH-coated fabrics. In contrast, the BNC2-coated fabric demonstrated the greatest reduction in UV transmission (UV-A, 2.1%; UV-B, 1.8%) as well as the highest UPF (49.2), which indicates that it has the best UV-protection qualities. The durability tests revealed the high resistance of treated fabrics against harsh washing conditions and its acquired functions sustainability.