الفهرس 
الفصل الأول: مشكلة البحث وإجراءاتهيوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
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المستخلص
هدف البحث إلى : الكشف عن فاعلية استراتيجية التعلم بالتعاقد فى تنمية التفكير الإبداعى والدافعية للإنجاز فى الرياضيات لدى طلاب المرحلة الإعدادية، واستخدمت الباحثة التصميم التجريبى ذو المجموعتين المتكافئتين (التجريبية - الضابطة) ، وتكونت مجموعة البحثمن (70) طالبة من طالبات الصف الثانى الإعدادى بمدرسة السيدة عائشة الإعدادية بنات التابعة لمحافظة الشرقية ، بحيث تم توزيعهم إلى مجموعتين إحداهما تجريبية والأخرى ضابطة قوام كل منهما (35) طالبة.
وتمثلت أدوات البحث فى كل من أدوات التجريب (دليل المعلم لتدريس وحدتى ”متوسطات المثلث والمثلث المتساوى الساقين ” و ” التباين ” وفقا لاستراتيجية التعلم بالتعاقد – دليل الطالب المعد وفقا لاستراتيجية التعلم بالتعاقد) ، وأدوات القياس (اختبار التفكير الإبداعى فى وحدتى”متوسطات المثلث والمثلث المتساوى الساقين ” و ” التباين ” - مقياس الدافعية للإنجاز).
وقد تم تطبيق أدوات البحث تطبيقا قبليا وبعديا على مجموعة البحث ، ثم معالجة البيانات إحصائيا . وقد أسفر البحث عن النتائج التالية:
• وجود فرق ذو دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى دلالة (0,01) بين متوسطى درجات طلاب المجموعتين التجريبية والضابطة فى التطبيق البعدى لكل مناختبار التفكير الإبداعى ومقياس الدافعية للإنجاز فى الرياضيات لصالح المجموعة التجريبية.
• وجود فرق ذو دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى دلالة (0,01) بين متوسطى درجات طلاب المجموعة التجريبية فى التطبيقين القبلى والبعدى لكل مناختبار التفكير الإبداعى ومقياس الدافعية للإنجاز فى الرياضيات لصالح التطبيق البعدى.
• تتصف استراتيجية التعلم بالتعاقد بالفاعلية فى تنميةالتفكير الإبداعىوالدافعية للإنجاز فى الرياضيات لدى طلاب الصف الثانى الإعدادى.
الكلمات المفتاحية: استراتيجية التعلم بالتعاقد –التفكير الإبداعى فى الرياضيات –الدافعية للإنجاز.
Introduction
Societies today live in an age of scientific and technological progress. where information accelerates and knowledge applications grow to contribute to the progress and development of society. This requires the necessity of the case creative and thinking minds who can participate effectively in the race for life and its development . It is no longer acceptable for education goals to focus only on information preservation, and thus it has become necessary to focus on developing thinking skills. As it became the main tool for knowledge and lifelong learning, and developing those skills is a major goal of teaching various subjects in general, and mathematics in particular.
Mathematics is one of the most important sciences and which occupies an important place among the various sciences, helping to deal with the rapid complexity in aspects of life In response, modern education tends to use modern strategies that emphasize the uniqueness of education and self-learning.And the independence of the learner, and his positivity and activity in his learning process, which is commensurate with his abilities, inclinations and needs. Including educational bags, educational packages, educational modules, programmed education, computer learning, learning for mastery, and contract learning that is one of the distinctive modern trends in these strategies.
The research problem & question:
The research problem is determined in the low level of creative thinking skills and Achievement motivation for Preparatorystage students.
To encounter this is problem; the present research tried to answer the following question:-
What is the effectiveness of learning by contract strategy for developing creative thinking and Achievement motivation in mathematics for Preparatory stage students?
from this main question, the following sub question emerge:
1- What is the image of two units “ average of the triangle and isosce triangle” and “ Variance” in the light of learning by contract strategy for Preparatory stage students?
2- What is the effectiveness of learning by contract strategy in teaching Mathematics to develop on each of:
a- Creative thinking for Preparatory stage students ?
b- Achievement motivation for Preparatory stage students?
Research hypotheses
The research seeks to prove the the following hypotheses:
1- There is statistically significant difference at the level (0.01) between the mean scores of the experimental group and the control group students in the post application of the creative thinking test in favor of the experimental group.
2- There is statistically significant difference at the level (0.01) between the mean scores of the students in the experimental group in pre and post applications of the creative thinking test in favor of the post application.
3- The learning by contract strategy is characterized by great effectiveness in developing the creative thinking in mathematics among second-grade middle school students.
4- There is statistically significant difference at the level (0.01) between the mean scores of the experimental group and the control group students in the post application of of achievement motivation scale in favor of the experimental group.
5- There is statistically significant difference at the level (0.01) between the mean scores of the students in the experimental group in pre and post applications of the of achievement motivation scale in favor of the post application.
6- The learning by contract strategy is characterized by great effectiveness in developing the achievement motivation in mathematics among second-grademiddle school students.
The research objectives :
The current research aimed to identify The Effectiveness of Learning by Contract Strategy in developing Creative Thinking and Achievement Motivation in Mathematics For Preparatory Stage Students.
Delimitations of the research:
The research is delimited to :
1- the group sample of second year prep stage students .
2- Some achievement motivation dimensions ( Ambition level, enjoyment of learning mathematics , taking responsibility and consistency).
TheResearch tools:
To answer the current search questions, there searcherhaspreparedthefollowingtools:
First: Experimental tools :
• Teacher’s Guide for two units according .to learning by contract strategy . (Prepared by the researcher).
• Student’s Guide (student Book +work sheets). (Prepared by the researcher).
Second: Measurement tools :
• Creative thinking test in two units . (Prepared by researcher).
• Achievement motivation scale . (Prepared by the researcher).
Research Methodology:
The research and its steps have been conducted accordingto two approaches:
• Descriptive analytical approach: in terms of defining thetheoretical framework and in and build measurement tools.
• Educational experimental approach: with regard to the researchexperience,thedesign of equal groups was used byselecting two equal groups, one experimental study using learning by contract strategy and the other a female officertaughtin the traditional way.
Research Procedures and steps:
1) to answer the first question of the research questions the following procedures were done:
• Learn about the previous Arab and foreign literature and studies related to ( learning contract strategy - creative thinking - achievement motivation) to build the theoretical framework.
• analyzing the content of two units “ average of the triangle and isosce triangle” and “ Variance “ from the book of mathematics of second year preparatory grade , the first semester.
• prepare the student’s guide in two units according .to learning by contract strategy .
• prepare the teacher’s guide in two units according .to learning by contract strategy .
2) To answer the second and third question of the research questions the following procedures were done:
-Prepare the measurement tools which include the creative thinking test and achievement motivation scale and submit them to the arbitrators ascertain its suitability .
Choose the right experimental design for the search of the research group of second-grade preparoty student and divid it into two groups, one experimental and another officer.
Conducting the tribal application of the measuring Instruments to the experimental and Officer research groups.
Teaching the two units of the experimental group according to learning contract strategy and teaching the same units to the officer group according to the method prevalent in schools.
A dimensional application of the measurement tools on the two searchsets.
Monitoring and statistical processing of results and data and interpreting the results in the light of the assumptions made.
• •Providing the recommendations and suggestions in the light of the results of the research.
Research Results:
1. There was statistically significant difference at the level (0.01) between the mean scores of the experimental group and the control group students in the post application of the creative thinking test in favor of the experimental group.
2. There was statistically significant difference at the level (0.01) between the mean scores of the students in the experimental group in pre and post applications of the creative thinking test in favor of the post application.
3. There was statistically significant difference at the level (0.01) between the mean scores of the experimental group and the control group students in the post application of of achievement motivation scale in favor of the experimental group.
4. There was statistically significant difference at the level (0.01) between the mean scores of the students in the experimental group in pre and post applications of the of achievement motivation scale in favor of the post application.
5- The learning by contract strategy is characterized by great effectiveness in developing the creative thinking and the achievement motivation in mathematics among second-grade middle school students.
The research Importance:
1- Compatibility Recent trends in teaching and learning mathematics By presenting a modern strategy in learning mathematics Which calls for activating the positive role of the student.
2- Helping developers of mathematics curricula in the preparatory stage By directing their attention to the necessity of preparing and developing mathematics content in the light of creativity.
3- Supplying mathematics teachers for the second grade of middle school One of the modern strategies in learning And provide a teacher’s guide that includes planning lessons according to a contract learning strategy,and A student guide that includes student activities.
4- Development of creative thinking skills and achievement motivation in mathematics for middle school students through the contract learning strategy.
5- Presenting the creative thinking test in the two units ”means of a triangle and isosceles triangle” and ”variance” and the measure of motivation for achievement towards mathematics, which can be used in other educational research.
6- Providing researchers with the opportunity to do some studies and research in the field of mathematics education using contract learning.
Research Recommendations:
In the light of the findings of the research , the following Recommendations can be made :
1- Expanding the use of modern strategies and methods that depend on self-learning and uniqueness of education in teaching mathematics, which increases the independence of students.
2- Enriching mathematics curricula at various educational levels with appropriate activities and exercises that help develop creative thinking skills
3- The necessity to take into account the individual differences between students and to use appropriate teaching methods for them.
4- Encouraging teachers to use modern teaching approaches to develop students’ creativity.
5- Make the student the focus of the educational process by participating in it and taking his opinions.
6- The need to pay attention to the implementation of the contract learning strategy as a modern teaching strategy in teaching mathematics not only in the preparatory stage but also in the secondary stage
7- The necessity of holding training courses for teachers on how to use the contract learning strategy.
8- Attention to developing creativity among students and moving away from forcing students to use a specific method to solve engineering problems and encouraging students to offer different solutions to them.
9- Providing a positive learning environment that helps students to assume greater responsibilities in their learning while giving students the opportunity to express themselves, their ideas, desires and feelings because they affect the way they learn.
Research Suggestion:
• The research provides a set of proposals for other research, including:
• Conducting a current research on a group of outstanding students and their derivatives and results of the current research
• Conducting a comparative study between learning by contract and other teaching strategies in developing multiple intelligences among students of different educational levels
• An in-service teacher training program to use the contract learning strategy and measure its impact on their students.
• Study the effectiveness of the contract learning strategy to develop (other types of thinking - self-organization skills - learning independence .......) among secondary school students.
• Study the effectiveness of contract learning in developing creative thinking and motivation for achievement in other branches of mathematics and at different educational stages.