الفهرس 
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Abstract
This study designed Environmental Risk Factors Assessment Tool that affect the inpatient in the ICUs at As-Salam International Hospital based on literature review; also, the present study examined the validity (face, content and construct) of the preliminary Tool based on jury opinions, factor analysis. Reliability was assessed through estimating internal consistency (Cronbach alpha coefficient), furthermore, the study determined the importance of the preliminary tool dimensions and its sub items based on health team opinions. Moreover, this study determined the applicability of the preliminary tool in ICUs based on observation of each unit at ICUs at As-Salam International Hospital.
The study was conducted in ICUs at As-Salam International Hospital., Its nongovernmental hospital. Four units were included in the study, namely Medical ICU, Surgical ICU, CCU, NICU. Two groups were included in this study. The first group was jury group consisted of 12 Faculty members from educational institutions and 23 non faculty members( Leaders ,infection control specialist, engineers and Quality members from different hospitals , while the second group was the health team working in ICUs, it consisted of 160 members and selected patients from ICUs, it consisted 25 patients.
Three tools were included in this study, used for data collection of the study: (opinionnaire sheet for jury group, a questionnaire sheet for health team and selected patients, and observation checklist for the applicability of the tool).
A pilot study was done before data collection to determine the useful method for data collection and to assess the applicability of the tools. The researcher modified the study preliminary tools according to results of the pilot study. The pilot study was taken four months of time.
This study concluded the following findings:
The majority of the jury group agreed upon the general form of the environmental risk factors assessment tool (face validity). The non faculty members’ agreement ranged between (91.3% to 100%), while the faculty members’ agreement ranged between (91.7% to 100%).
The majority of the jury group agreed upon the preliminary tool dimensions and its sub items (content validity). The non faculty members’ agreement ranged between (91.3% to 100%), while the faculty members’ agreement ranged between (91.7% to 100%).
Reliability was assessed through estimating internal consistency (Cronbach alpha coefficient), which proved to be high. The study finding provides accurate, dependable, helpful, practical and truthful instrument that can be used to assess the environmental risk factors
The majority of the health team in ICUs agreed upon the importance of the environmental risk factors assessment items, their agreement ranged between (96.3% to 100%).
The majority of the selected patients in ICUs agreed upon the importance of the environmental risk factors assessment items, their agreement ranged between (88% to 100%).
The results demonstrated that majority of environmental risk factors assessment items were applicable in Medical ICU, Surgical ICU, CCU, and NICU at As-Salam International Hospital.
In conclusion, the Environmental Risk factors assessment tool were validated based on two jury groups opinions (Faculty members & The non faculty members), also there were no differences between two jury groups upon the agreement of the Environmental Risk Factors Assessment Tool. Also, the majority of health team in ICUs agreed upon the importance of the tool items and majority of selected patients in ICUs agreed upon the importance of the tool items. In addition, almost all items of Environmental Risk Factors Assessment Tool were applicable in the four units of ICUs at As-Salam International Hospital.
Based on the results, it is recommended that the Education and training of healthcare workers, focusing on environmental risk factors. Also the environmental risk factors assessment tool should be provided for each department in health organization and generalize it. It should used in other hospitals in the country. In addition the environmental safety concept should be addressed by all level of health team, and needed to be a part of staff development programs. As well as supporting more research efforts particularly in areas that yield the greatest benefit and that more effectively contribute to improving patient’s safety and safe patient lives