الفهرس 
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Abstract
Type 1 diabetes is the most common kind of diabetes in children and
one of the most common chronic diseases among children and
adolescents. Helicobacter pylorus has infected about half of the
population of the world and is more common in developing countries.
The infection affects people in their early age and if not treated often
remains in the body for the whole life.
This control study was conducted for 40 children with Type 1
diabetes in addition to 40 healthy control subjects for evaluation of H.
pylori infection in T1D children and its related factors.
A statistically significant difference between diabetic and non-
diabetic children was detected as regards WBCs being higher in diabetic
children. Gastrointestinal manifestations including abdominal pain,
vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal distention and abdominal tenderness were
commonly associated with diabetic children more than non-diabetic
children. Also significant increase of these manifestations was observed
in diabetic children with H. pylori positive antigens in our study H. pylori
antigen in stool was documented more in diabetic children than non-
diabetic children.
In the current study; univariate logistic regression analysis revealed
that age, age of diagnosis of diabetes, total daily dose of insulin, and BMI
had statistically significant effect as a risk factor for H. pylori in children.
Our study revealed statistically significant increase of BMI, and
HbA1c (P-value=0.03, 0.02) in H. pylori positive than H. pylori negative
children.
Summary and Conclusion
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The current study revealed statistically significant increase of age of
children with positive H. pylori antigen than children with negative H.
pylori antigen regards their age with p-value =0.02 was present in our
study as H. pylori positive children are older than H. pylori negative
children while there was no gender difference.
Finally, we concluded that diabetes its self may be a predisposing
factor of acquiring H. pylori infection in addition to other factors as age,
age of diagnosis of diabetes, daily insulin dose and body mass index.
Conclusion
Diabetes mellitus itself is a considering factor of acquiring H. pylori
infection among children. Type 1 diabetes patient’s especially higher age
of diagnosis of diabetes has great effect on acquiring H. pylori infection.
There was an association between H. pylori infection and presence of
gastrointestinal symptoms in diabetic children. H. pylori infection is
associated with older age of patients, larger BMI, higher HbA1c, daily
dose of insulin and older age of onset of diabetes.
Recommendations
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Recommendations
Screening for H. pylori infection in diabetic patients with poor
glycemic control.
Further large scale studies are needed to evaluate the role of H.
pylori infection in pathogenesis of diabetes as well as searching
for hopeful vaccine to prevent the so widely prevalent organism
and to avoid related complications.