الفهرس 
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Abstract
Studies have evaluated the relation between IOP, refractive errors and axal length in children, based comparisons of measuring IOP, refraction and axial length by different instrumentation.
The purpose of this study is to estimate refractive error, AL and IOP among children of both sexes. It involved 246 eyes of 123 school aged children were selected for this study. They were classified into three equal groups; group (1): 82 eyes of 41 emmetropic children, group (2): 82 eyes of 41 myopic children and group (3): 82 eyes of 41 hyperopic children. The mean ages were 10.85, 10.53 and 9.86 years in groups (1), (2) and (3), respectively. So, all groups were age and sex matched.
The uncorrected visual acuities were 0.96 ± 0.05 (Range: 0.9 – 1.0), 0.35 ±
0.45 (Range: 0.01 – 0.5), and 0.60 ± 0.08 (Range: 0.08 – 1.0) in emmetropes, myopes and hyperopes, respectively. There is a statistically significant difference (p = 0.024) between the three studied groups regarding uncorrected visual acuities. This was expected logically as patients were classified into three groups; emmetropes, myopes and hyperopes.
Also, the mean refractive errors (spherical equivalent) were 0.25 ± 0.0D (Range: 0.0 – 0.25), -9.5 ± 6.75D (Range: -1.25 – -16.5), 5.0 ± 4.25D (Range: 2.0 –
12) in emmetropes, myopes and hyperopes, respectively. There is a statistically significant difference (p = 0.002) between the three studied groups regarding the refractive state.
The axial length was 23.8 ± 2.25 mm (range: 22 – 25 mm), 26.5 ± 3.75 mm
(range: 24 – 28 mm), 22.2 ± 2.35 mm (range: 19.5 – 24 mm) in emmetropes, myopes