الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 68 |  |  |
| | | from | 68 | | |
Abstract
Intravenous regional anesthesia (IVRA) is one of the safest and easiest techniques of regional anesthesia for surgery of short procedures on the upper limbs. In 2012, the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) released an update to its Practice Guidelines for Acute Pain Management in the Perioperative Setting. In this report, the ASA strongly recommends use of a multimodal approach to pain management whenever possible.
Intravenous regional anesthesia (IVRA) is a method of producing analgesia in distal part of a limb by intravenous injection of local anesthetic agent into the vein of the same limb while circulation in the limb is occluded by application of tourniquet. It is a safe and reliable technique. Also, the need for specific anatomical knowledge is not required.
The present study was aimed to evaluate the effects of dexmedetomidine combination with lidocaine and to compare the onset of motor and sensory block and evaluate the post-operative analgesia, as well as the side effects.
According to sample size calculator, the 90 patients of the present study were randomly allocated into three equal groups. group (I) received only lidocaine 2% 3mg/kg for bier block. group (II) received lidocaine 2% 3mg/kg with plus dexmedetomidine 0.25 μg/kg for bier block. group (III) received lidocaine 2% 3mg/kg plus dexmedetomidine 0.5 μg/kg for bier block.
We found a statistically significant difference between 3 groups regarding the Onset of sensory block, Onset of motor block and Quality of block; the Onset of sensory & motor block were faster with better Quality of block among patients of group III.
In this study, we found that mean duration of post-operative analgesia was significantly longer among patients in group III.
Regarding the postoperative VAS data, it was found that the pain scores were statistically significant lower in the group III patients than those of group I and II and so on reduction in the analgesic requirement in group III than group I & II. Mean total dose was significantly lower in group III patients.
In comparison to hemodynamics changes between the three study groups, there were no statistically significant differences throughout the intraoperative and postoperative periods of the study.
No serious adverse effects in all patients of the three study groups during the whole study periods (intraoperative a