الفهرس 
Title : Effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation on varicose veins in post-partum women
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Abstract
Background: Varicose veins (Vv) is one of the most common pathologies in pregnancy and puerperiam .Calf muscle contractions induced by electrical stimulation produce a significant increase in venous blood flow, reduce stasis in the lower leg. Purpose: to investigate the effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) on varicose veins in post-partum women. Methods: 2{u00D7}2 pretest posttest study. Thirty multiparae women with postpartum varicose veins that last 1-2years after last pregnancy were recruited from outpatient physical therapy clinics at El-Menshawy general hospital participated in this study, their age(20-35) years and (BMI) was less than 30 kg\m². They were divided into two groups equal in number, group (A) )Control group( received only a life style modification routine and advice while group (B) )Study group( received the same life style modification routine and advices as in group (A) in addition to (NMES) on the calf muscle 3 times per week for 4 weeks, both groups did not receive any medical treatment, Peak popliteal vein velocity was measured to assess venous blood flow and chronic venous disease quality of life questionnaireCIVIQ-20 was used to assess activity of daily life (ADL) to all participants in both groups (A&B) before and after treatment. Results: showed that there was no significant difference in group (A) when comparing pretreatment to post treatment results regarding the popliteal peak vein velocity, while there was a significant reduction inCIVIQ-20 questionnaire, while in group(B) there was a significant increase regarding the popliteal peak vein velocity and a significant reduction regarding CIVIQ-20 questionnaire post treatment compared to pretreatment results, also there was no statistical significant difference between both groups regarding the popliteal peak vein velocity and CIVIQ-20 questionnaire when comparing post treatment results , but there was a high percentage of improvement in favor of group B than group A regarding both variables