الفهرس 
Chapter 1:Down SyndromeOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Background: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity during the first two years of life in the DS population ,and 40 to 63.5% of DS patients have CHD. The defects can involve the walls of the heart, the valves of the heart, and the veins and arteries coming in and out of the heart, respectively. They as a consequence may develop congestive heart failure, pulmonary vascular disease, pneumonia, or failure to thrive.
Aim of work: To define the prevalence and patterns of congenital heart disease (CHD) among children with Down syndrome (DS) in Fayoum Governorate.
Methods: This cross sectional study during period from Janurary 2018 to September 2019 was conducted on 150 pediatric patients with Down syndrome attending the cardiology and genetic clinics of Fayoum University Hospital , outpatient clinics of Fayoum General Hospital and Fayoum Insurance Hospital.Transthoracic Echocardiographic imaging by 2D Echo,Mmode and Doppler Echo is done searching for any CHD.
Results: A total of 150 children with DS were identified (50% male). 82 Of these (54.7%) had CHD. Atrial septal defect(ASD) was the most frequent lesion identified in 55/82 (67.1%) followed by Ventricular septal defect(VSD) (32.9%) , (18.3%) had PDA ,and Atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD) was detected in(13.4%). There was no gender difference in the frequency of CHD (p=0.3).
Conclusion: The prevalence of CHD in our study is comparable with Europe, Asia ,and other regions in Egypt . However its pattern appears to be different from some areas in Egypt.