الفهرس 
Title: Evaluation of Root Contact after Mini-Screw Insertion Using a Digital Three-Dimensional Printed Guide versus Conventional Free Hand Placement Technique in Adult Orthodontic Patients A Split Mouth Randomized Clinical Trial
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Abstract
Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the root contact after mini-screw insertion using digital three-dimensional printed guide versus free hand placement technique through a well-designed split mouth randomized clinical trial.Methodology: 18 patients with mean age (22.56 ± 3.47 years) indicated for upper first premolars{u2019} extraction (Bimaxillary protrusion and Class II division 1) were included.Their maxillary quadrants were randomized to receive mini-screws as means of anchorage. Pre-operative maxillary CBCT scan with ultra-low dose protocol was imaged and the maxillary arch was scanned using intra-oral scanner to obtain STL file for the maxillary arch. Using Invivo and Rapidform Geomagic Studio® Softwares the mini-screws were planned to be inserted in the buccal inter-radicular space between the upper second premolar and first molar in both right and left sides. For the intervention sides; digital three- dimensional guides were designed and printed for mini-screw insertion.Scanning the maxillary arch afterwards was performed by the same intra-oral scanner. Root contact was evaluated by superimposition of the pre-operative CBCT and post-operative digital scan. Patient discomfort was assessed during and after mini-screw insertion using a two-question questionnaire answered by Likert- scale for both sides. Angular and linear deviations in X, Y and Z axes were assessed between the planned and the actual mini-screws in both sides. Failure of the mini-screws was assessed till three months of loading. Results: The incidence of root contact was statistical significant higher in the control side (33.3%) than the intervention side (5.6%). Patient discomfort during and after mini-screw were statistical significant lower in intervention side than the control side