الفهرس 
Analysis of greenhouse gases from satellite observations over Egypt
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Abstract
The greenhouse effect is vital for human beings as it retains the earth{u2019}s average surface temperature warmer by about 33{u00B0}C, however, the increase in the greenhouse gases concentration than average may have an adverse influence on the surface temperature. The present study was aimed at assessing the main greenhouse gases such as water vapor at several pressure levels and methane, along with nitrogen dioxide the air pollutant, over four Egyptian stations Cairo, Alexandria, Hurghada, and Aswan. Additionally analyzes of the surface temperature and air temperature at 500 hPa and 100 hPa was performed to assess the warming trend over Egypt throughout the period (1980-2020). Furthermore, the correlation coefficient was calculated between specific humidity and air temperature at 13 pressure levels. The results revealed that warming occurred at the surface and 500 hPa for all the Egyptian stations where the warming at Hurghada was by about a factor of two the other cities. PWV and surface specific humidity increased similarly over the Egyptian stations at a significant rate by about a factor of two the amount of global rate. Lower stratospheric water vapor showed a strong positive trend since 2006. Additionally, methane increased significantly over all the stations by a nearly continuous rate, nitrogen dioxide showed a significant positive trend especially over Cairo in contrast to the global average which showed a negative trend