الفهرس 
Laparoscopic Versus Open Radical Nephrectomy in T2 Renal Cell Carcinoma; Randomized Control Trial
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Abstract
Nowadays laparoscopic nephrectomy is considered the standard of care in T1 RCC after confirming its equivalent oncological outcome to open nephrectomy. However up till now the same technique is not considered a standard in T₂ tumor. Few studies compared ORN and LRN for those larger T₂ tumors. The aim of the current study was to assess the feasibility of laparoscopic nephrectomy in T₂ renal tumors who are more than 7 cm. The objectives were comparing the operative and postoperative course and complication in open and laparoscopic radical nephrectomy, in addition to comparing the oncological outcomes in both arms.This study was designated as a randomized controlled study including 56 patients, 28 in each arm (open and laparoscopic nephrectomy).The patients were randomly divided using computer generated number.ORN was done with the patient in a supine position and using a standard subcostal incision, while the LRN was performed while the patient lies in a modified lateral decubitus position with pads and rolls placed behind his back. Dissection in the LRN through the transperitoneal approach with standard 4 port technique