الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
In frozen embryo transfer (FET), hormonal supplementation is used to prepare the endometrium for successful implantation in the absence of a functional corpus luteum (CL) and endogenous progesterone. Estrogen supplementation is followed by exogenous progesterone replacement.
Progesterone use is mandatory to luteinize the endometrium and prepare for successful implantation to give a higher chance of pregnancy. For LPS, exogenous progesterone can be administered by different routes: vaginal, rectal, oral, intramuscular, and recently, the subcutaneous route. Each route has certain advantages and disadvantages.
The new technological developments in the field of progesterone production allowed the SC aqueous progesterone to gain more hydro-soluble characteristics owing to the addition of β-cyclodextrin molecule producing a more absorbable product. Obviously, there is an increase in the degree of acceptance, continuation, and satisfaction for the SC progesterone injections as compared to the vaginal and IM routes of administration.
The work was designed through a prospective study carried out in a routine infertility program of private IVF clinics aiming to compare the use of intramuscular (IM) versus subcutaneous (SC) aqueous progesterone for the luteal phase support (LPS) in artificially prepared frozen embryo transfer (AC-FET) cycles regarding the serum progesterone levels at the day of frozen embryo transfer and pregnancy outcome.
Our study was conducted on 60 female patients. We aimed to compare the two different types of progesterone for the LPS in artificially prepared FET cycles. They are divided into 2 groups, group I (30 patients) received intramuscular progesterone 100 mg (once daily) and progesterone vaginal suppository 400mg (twice daily), while group II (30 patients) received SC progesterone 25mg (once daily) and progesterone vaginal suppository 400mg (twice daily), after ensuring an adequate endometrial preparation by estradiol valerate pills (6 mg daily) till reaching an endometrial thickness of 7 mm or more.
The results showed a significant statistical difference between the progesterone levels on the day of FET between the two groups. It was found that there was a highly significant increase in progesterone level in group I (IMP) more than in group II (SCP). Although this evident difference in the serum progesterone levels on the days of FET didn’t affect the pregnancy rates, where the positive pregnancy rates (level of BHCG more than 5) and clinical pregnancy rates showed