الفهرس 
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Abstract
Faba bean (Vicia faba, L.) is one of the important leguminous crops used for human nutrition in Egypt. Its seeds are edible in many developing countries besides being an animal feed for pigs, horses, poultry and pigeons in the industrialized countries. These seeds are high in their contents of proteins, vitamins, and minerals. Seeds of some cultivars are small and green similar to lima beans while others are quite beefy and bronzed. Although, faba bean is also considered an excellent nitrogen fixer (Tang et al., 2019) and could effectively contribute to sustainable farming (De Cillis et al., 2019). Yet this crop also needs a starter dose of N to stimulate N-fixation during early plant growth until N fixation provides adequate N (Abdul Rahman et al., 2018).
Gamma radiation is a useful approach for the alteration of physiological characters (Kiong et al., 2008). The biologica