الفهرس 
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Abstract
The mean years of previous delivery of group1 and group 2 was (2.79 ± 1.25 and 4.42 ± 1.87) respectively.
The mean number of abortions of G1 and G2 was (0.21 ± 0.43 and 0.26 ± 0.56) respectively.
The mean number of living children among group1 and group 2 was (1.79 ± 0.89 and 1.26 ± 0.45) respectively.
More than two fifths (42.86%) of group 1 had male children compered to more than one quarter (26.32%) of group 2.
More than one half (52.63%) of group 2 and 28.57% of group 1 had female children.
Those who had both sexes accounted for (28.57%) of group 1 and more than one fifth (21.05%) of group 2.
There is no significant differences between the two groups regarding their current weeks of gestation, gravidity, parity and number of abortions as well as number and sex of living children where p= (0.079, 0.194, 0.194, 1.000, 0.424 & 0.405 ) respectively except in relation to the time of pervious delivery where p=0.036*.
Effect of perineal massage versus warm compresses during late second stage of labor on perineal outcome:
Assessment of perineal outcome:
• Intact perineum:
Less than one half (46.67%) of the massage group had an intact perineum compared to less than two thirds (63.33%) of the warm compresses group.
• Non intact perineum
More than one half (53.33%) of group 1 compared to more than one third (36.67%) of group 2 had non intact perineum.
• Laceration
group 2 tended to have more perineal lacerations than group 1 (81.82% and 18.75%) respectively.