الفهرس 
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Abstract
Unexplained infertility has been defined, by the Practice Committee of the American Society of Reproductive Medicine (ASRM), as inability of a couple to conceive for at least 12 months, with unremarkable standard infertility evaluation. The prevalence of unexplained infertility is approximately 15–30%. Abnormal uterine perfusion may be a contributing factor to etiopathology of infertility especially in couples with unexplained infertility. Transvaginal Doppler pulsed ultrasound is an important tool for examining the female reproductive system and is a noninvasive method to assess the uterine perfusion. It was found that peri-implantation endometrial perfusion is impaired in women with unexplained infertility as the uterine artery PI and RI were significantly increased in patients with unexplained infertility. Pentoxifyllin is a methylxanthine derivative that inhibits phosphodiesterase and affects blood rheology. It improves blood flow by increasing erythrocyte and leukocyte flexibility. It also inhibits platelet aggregation. Low dose aspirin also known as acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) irreversibly blocks the formation of thromboxane A2 in platelets, producing an inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation. This antithrombotic property makes aspirin useful for improving the blood flow. This prospective comparative clinical study was conducted at obstetrics and gynecology department faculty of medicine Tanta University to evaluate the possible effect of pentoxifylline and low dose aspirin on the uterine artery blood flow in patients with unexplained infertility. selected patients were divided into two groups each of them included 30 patients; low dose aspirin group and pentoxifylline group. Low dose aspirin group was administrated in a dose of 81 mg once daily after meal for 3 months. Pentoxifylline was administrated in a dose of 400 mg twice daily after meals for 3 months. According to previous literatures, there was no previous study compared between the effect of pentoxifylline and low dose aspirin on the uterine artery blood flow in patients with unexplained infertility. On the other hand there were many trials assessed both drugs ion different populations, different doses and in combination with other drugs. Statistical analysis of current results showed that there was no significant difference between both groups regarding age, BMI, occupation, residency, parity, type/duration of infertility, menstrual regularity/amount, dysmenorrhea, sexual intercourse frequency, using of lubricant or vaginal douching. Also, there was no significant difference between both groups regarding FSH, LH, TSH, basal uterine artery RI and PI and S/D ratio at one and three months. The strengths of current study were due to every effort was made to ascertain that all follow-up data were correct, and only complete information was included in data analysis. All clinical assessment, sonographic measurement and assessment of study outcomes were done by the same team. The limitations of current study were due to COVID 19 pandemic, relatively small sample size and blinding wasn’t done.