الفهرس 
Research article No. 1Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Bone tissues possess the intrinsic capacity for regeneration as part of the repair process in response to injury, as well as during skeletal development or continuous remodeling throughout adult life. Bone healing is regeneration defined as a complex and wellorchestrated process of biological events of bone induction and conduction to optimize skeletal repair and restore skeletal function. However, in complex clinical conditions, bone regeneration is required in large quantities for the repair of large bone defects caused by trauma, infection, tumor resection, and skeletal abnormalities. To stimulate or augment bone regeneration of large bone defects, bone grafting such as autologous bone grafts and allografts is a commonly performed surgical procedure. Designing a biocompatible scaffold with optimal characteristics is a major key element of successful tissue engineering strategies. These developed scaffolds should have satisfactory biocompatibility and structure similar to that of the native extracellular matrix (ECM) in order to enable cells to grow and differentiate into specific tissues similar to their natural counterpart.