الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Breast cancer was the second most commonly diagnosed malignancy of all female cancers. It ranked as the fifth commonest cause of cancer deaths. It represents a substantial public health burden.
The diagnosis of breast cancer relies on clinical examination in combination with imaging, and finally confirmed by pathological assessment.
Owing to virtually unavoidable occurrence of taxanes-resistance in breast cancer, reliable biomarkers for the estimation and reversal of resistance are urgently needed. Nowadays, microRNAs made these two goals easier to achieve.
The present study was designed to estimate serum level of microRNA 210 as a predictor for response to chemotherapy in advanced breast cancer female patients in Egypt.
The study included four groups as follows: Fifteen patients with advanced breast cancer who are sensitive to taxanes containing regimen (group I), Fifteen age matched patients with advanced breast cancer who are resistant to taxanes containing regimen (group II), ten age matched newly diagnosed patients with advanced breast cancer before taking treatment (group III) and ten age matched healthy females were involved in our work as control (group IV).
All subjects were evaluated as regards Complete medical history taking, complete physical examination and radiological investigations, tumor hormone receptor testing {estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PGR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor2 (Her2)}and also total RNA was extracted from serum samples followed by reverse transcription real time PCR. Expression of serum miRNA-210 was calculated using the comparative cycle threshold (CT) method (2–ΔΔCT).
Statistical analysis of the studied parameters showed the following results:
1. There was no statistically significant difference between group I (S) and group II (R) groups as regards to receptors.
2. There was a significant increase in the expression level of miR-210 in group I (S) compared with group II (R), the resistant cases (group II) showed a significant decrease as compared to the control group IV.
3. MiRNA 210 showed sensitivity of 75% and specificity of 50% as a diagnostic marker for advanced breast cancer.
4. By plotting a receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve it was found that human growth factor-neu receptor (Her2) showed the best sensitivity (80%) and specificity (40%) compared to other receptors (ER and PR) as a predictor marker for response to taxanes.
5. The sensitivity of miR-210 as predictor markers for response to taxanes was 73.33% while its specificity had been shown to be 53.33%.
6. Combination between expression level of miRNA 210 and other hormonal receptors(ER,PR or HER2) showed better sensitivity and specificity.
Therefore, serum miRNA-210 can be used as a useful additional biomarker, with ER/PR and HER2 for detecting response to taxanes treatment in advanced and metastatic breast cancer.