الفهرس 
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Abstract
The aim of this case-control study was characterizing different B cell subsets and B cell subsets expressing PD-1 in pre-eclampsia (PE) in comparison with normal pregnancy and non-pregnant females. Also, to evaluate the possibility of a relation between the levels of these subsets with the severity of the disease and the antihypertensive therapy.A total of 75 pregnant women were included(54 women with PE& 21 women with normal pregnancy with a comparable gestational age) and 20 non-pregnant healthy blood donors were included as a control group.Flow cytometry analysis was carried out using a set of fluorochrome-labeled monoclonal antibodies against the B cell surface markers CD19, CD24, CD38 and PD-1.The frequencies of different circulating B cell subsets were evaluated in all participants including CD19+CD24hiCD38hi immature/transitional B cells, CD19+CD24intCD38int naïve/mature B cells, CD19+CD24+CD38− memory B cells, CD19+CD24−CD38+ plasmablasts. Also, PD-1 expression was evaluated among these subsets. Lymphocyte percent decreased significantly including B cell percent in both women with 3rd trimester normal pregnancy and women with pre-eclampsia than in non-pregnant females. In women with normal pregnancy, a modest decline was detected in memory B cells as well as immature/transitional B cells significantly decreased while naïve B cells significantly increased than the non-pregnant group. No significant changes were seen in plasmablasts.In PE, a further decrease was observed in the naïve B subset compared with that in women with normal pregnancy.