الفهرس 
Diagnostic criteria of Ménière’s diseaseOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
One of the most common and frustrating complaints patients bring to their family physicians is dizziness. There are four types of dizziness: vertigo, lightheadedness, presyncope, and disequilibrium. The most prevalent type is vertigo (i.e., false sense of motion), which accounts for 54 percent of reports of dizziness in primary care.
Meniere’s disease (MD) is manifested by intermittent episodes of vertigo, tinnitus, fluctuating sensorineural hearing loss, and aural pressure. Histopathologically, EH is seen initially in the cochlear duct and the saccule, with disease progression, subsequent affection of the utricle and semicircular canals (SCCs) occur.
Caloric testing focuses on the horizontal VOR as it is the easiest to stimulate and as several reliable methods exist for recording horizontal eye movements
With video Head-Impulse Test (vHIT) system, it is possible to measure the gain of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) and to register eventual refixation saccades with high frequency stimulations
The aim of the current study was to evaluate the results of video head impulse test and caloric test in MD.
This study was conducted in Audiology Unit, Menoufia University Hospital. It was conducted between January 2018 and December 2020. Sixty patients diagnosed as definite MD according to the American Academy of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery’s (2015) criteria consisted of (31 males and 29 females), with age ranged from 21 to 62 years were tested. A control group of 60 healthy age matched adults, consisted of (38 males and 22 females), aged 19 to 60 years. pure tone audiometry was done for frequencies (0.25 and 8 kHz),bithermal caloric test and video HIT for the three SCCs were on record for both groups
Pure tone audiometry results in MD disclosed bilateral hearing loss in 35%, followed by right sided hearing loss in 33%, then left sided hearing loss in 32%. Caloric test revealed canal paresis in 55% which was 40% unilateral (10% right canal paresis & 30% left canal paresis). Bilateral canal paresis in 15%. The vHIT presented lowest prevalence of abnormalities with 37%. Low gain in vHIT occurred in 28%, while low gain was 18% in the lateral canal, 10% in the anterior canal and 15% in the posterior canal. This abnormality pattern goes with the reported pattern of hydrops formation in the vestibular system.
Weak positive correlation was found between the PTA average and disease duration, refeering to hearing deterioration across time. No significant correlation between caloric test and vHIT implying differential effect of endolymphatic hydrops on the response of the lateral canal to low and high frequency vestibular stimulation.
The findings of the current study suggest that
There was no correlation between the degree of unilateral caloric weakness and the stage of MD or other vestibular test finding.
The vHIT gain and the gain asymmetry of most of SCCs were insignificantly different from controls in MD group.
Their was no correlation between the severity or duration of symptoms of Meniere’s Disease and the results of the tests performed on Meniere’s Disease patients.