الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
PARKINSON’S DISEASE (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cardinal features, including resting tremor, slowing of movement, rigidity and postural instability. It is evaluated that about 90% of PD cases are sporadic and about 10% are familial. It is a multifactorial disease involving oxidative stress, glia-mediated inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, protein aggregation and proteasome inhibition, in which all these factors play key role in initiating and mediating neuronal cell loss in PD. The disease is characterized by a progressive and selective degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) leading to dopamine deficiency in the striatum.