الفهرس 
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Abstract
VaD is a disorder of cognitive impairment with dysfunction of
the vascular endothelium. Similar to AD, VaD results in progressive
deteriorating impairments in higher functions of the brain, such as
memory, new learning, recognition, motor functions and planning.
It is the second most common type of dementia following AD
and is responsible for at least 20–25% of all cases of dementia. Its
prevalence appears to double every 5–10 years after the age of 65
years.
Oxidative stress has been implicated as an important risk factor
in the neuropathology of VaD.
Losartan is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist. Ang-II, the
dominant effector molecule regulating RAAS has been used to control
hypertension. RAAS activation impairs cognitive function by
inhibiting the release of ACh, a primary neurotransmitter involved in
learning and memory.
Donepezil is a piperidine-based, noncompetitive, reversible
inhibitor of AChE with high specificity for the central versus
peripheral cholinergic system. It has been demonstrated to exert
neuroprotective properties and a well-established drug for treatment of
AD.
In the present work we were aiming at finding novel agents for
the protection against L-Methionine induced VaD in a rat model, we
examined the effects of treatment with losartan and /or donepezil on
rats with L-Methionine induced VaD, using several behavioral,
biochemical, and histopathological methods