الفهرس 
CHAPTER (1) INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Water scarcity in Egypt is an escalating challenge due to the ever-increasing demand for water, which is matched by the limited resources, as the main source of water is the Nile River, which originates outside the borders of the country. Therefore, the water managers are intensely expanding the use of non-conventional water resources. Non-conventional water resources, such as drainage water reuse, are essential water management alternatives to improve water use efficiency. As a widespread alternative, agricultural drainage water reuse (ADWR) is one of the most promising and economically attractive options to cope with the acute water shortage. Unfortunately, this option has experienced significant challenges in sustaining, rather than improving, the current reuse level.
In any case, despite the foregoing, the expansion or even the continued use of drainage water in agriculture is under serious threat due to the presence of some caveats that must be taken into account when expanding on it, it may have bad environmental impacts, both in the short and the long term. These environmental impacts are not focused on soil and plants only, but may extend to human beings as well, whether workers in the field of irrigation and agriculture or users of agricultural products, which requires a new vision for methods of drainage water reuse management in Egypt.
In light of the activation of this vision on the drainage water reuse pump stations in the western Nile delta, a Statistical Quality Control Model (SQCM) was developed to effectively manage the ADWR practices in the Nile Delta of Egypt. The model treats different data distribution functions and comprises uni/multivariate statistical Control charts (CCHs) to investigate the state of control and the process capability status for the examined data. It considers the current and expected future efficiencies of the reuse process based on best-fitted distribution functions. Additionally, a complementary decision model was proposed to improve the reuse process when it operates in violation of the quality standards. The decision model starts with in-depth monitoring and investigating the governing environmental factors affecting drainage water quality. Then, a set of management scenarios were tested and evaluated using appropriate numerical/physical models. These management scenarios comprise and not limited to raising farmer awareness, and providing adequate sanitation services.
The statistical quality control model was applied to the drainage reuse pump stations in the western delta, and both models were applied to the Delengat mixing pump station, which mixes the water of delengat drain on El Hager canal in the West Delta region. The results demonstrated that ADWR processes in western delta could provide safe drainage water to be mixed with fresh water after raising the awareness amongst the farmers and providing them adequate sanitation services. In addition, both models proved to be systematic, quantitative, suitable for computers, and helpful in making informed decisions concerning the sustainability of the reuse process under future water uncertainty.