الفهرس 
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Abstract
Breast cancer, a heterogeneous disease, is the most common cause of cancer-related death in women worldwide. More recently, it has been suggested that extracellular proteinases have also regulated growth factors and cytokines that might contribute to tumor progression. CD10 is a 90-110kDa cell surface zinc-dependent metalloproteinase. Since CD10 is a matrix metalloproteinase, it might facilitate cancer cell invasion and/or metastasis. Previous investigations have indicated that CD10 is associated with biological aggressivity in human cancers, but the use of this marker for diagnosis and prognosis is more complex.
Despite considerable developments in breast cancer treatment modalities, a subset of patients with advanced-stage breast carcinoma displays poor prognosis. Breast cancer heterogeneity and risk of recurrence could be explained with the help of cancer stem cell hypothesis. Stem cells have the capacity to self-renew and differentiate into multiple cell types. Aldehyde dehydrogenase-1 (ALDH1), an enzyme responsible for the oxidation of intracellular aldehydes, contributes to normal and tumor stem cell differentiation. Invasion and metastasis in breast cancer are found to be mediated by a subpopulation of tumor cells which exhibit stem cell-like features and express ALDH1.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of CD10 in breast cancer and its association with the clinicopathological features. In addition, we investigated whether a relationship exists between CD10 expression and cancer stem cell marker ALDH-1.
CD10 expression was examined by the immunohistochemistry in 100 invasive breast carcinoma cases. Results were correlated to several clinicopathological parameters including age, tumor size, histologic grade, lymph node metastasis, vascular invasion, ER, PR, HER2 status, Ki67 index and molecular subtype. Cancer stem cell marker ALDH-1 was assessed by the immunohistochemical analysis.
CD10 expression was found in the stromal cells in 20 % of the cases and in the neoplastic cells in 8 % of the cases. The stromal CD10 positivity was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (p=0.012), high histological grade (p=0.031), ER negativity (p=0.007) and high Ki67 (p=0.021). Meanwhile, CD10 expression by the neoplastic cells correlates with a high histological grade (p=0.01) and ER negativity (p=0.042), PR negativity (p=0.031) as well as triple negative and HER2 molecular subtypes (p=0.003). Also, CD10 expression by the stromal cells, but not by the neoplastic cells, was found to be significantly associated with the expression of cancer stem cell marker ALDH1 (p=0.005).
The current study showed no significant association between stromal CD10 expression and age, tumor size, vascular invasion, or PR expression. Also, no significant association between neoplastic CD10 expression and age, tumor size, lymph node metastasis or HER2 expression was found.