الفهرس 
REVIEW OF LITRATUREOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Furcation defects are a frequent finding in periodontitis patients. Molars affected with furcation involvement respond less favorably to periodontal therapy, they also exhibit a greater risk for further attachment loss than other teeth.This study aimed to histologically and histomorphmetric evaluate guided tissue regeneration procedure using ACM compared to collagen membrane in the management of surgically created critical sized grade II furcation defects in dogs. A split mouth design was conducted in eight dogs. On the left sides; the created defects were filled with β-tricalcium phosphate + hydroxy apatite and covered by amnion chorion membrane (study group). While on the right sides; the created defects were filled with the β-tricalcium phosphate + hydroxyapatite and then covered by collagen membranes (control group). One extra critical sized furcation defect was created in the lower second premolar (P2) in two dogs of those included in the study. These two defects were left unfilled and were considered as negative control defects where one of them was studied at each interval.The dogs were sacrificed after 4 and 8 weeks. Samples were dissected and prepared for histological evaluation.
Histomorphometric analyses were made on the histological sections in order to calculate percentage of new bone formation in the defect and the height of the defect fill.
Histological evaluation showed newly formed bone of moderate density spanning the whole width between the walls of the mesial and distal roots of the operated tooth and the bifurcation area coronally at four weeks on the study group, while the control group showed less amount of formed bone, with persistence of greater amount of the scaffold material and less vascularity among the formed bone.
At eightweeks, the study group exhibited an outstanding histological picture; noticeably, more bone formation could be seen in the different regions of the defect, centrally and peripherally where it formed the lateral walls adjacent to the PDL, and at the base of the defect.. On the other hand, bone formation and defect fill in the control group was less than its appearance in the experimental group of the same observation period, but it appeared to differ than its appearance in the same group at the previous observation period, showing more bone formation.
Moreover, histomorphemtric analysis revealed a statically significant increase in both the hight of the newely formed interradicular bone and the percentage of the formed bone surface area in the study group compared to the control group at both observation periods.