الفهرس 
Acknowledgements
Heart Failure and its ClassificationOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a major health-care problem. Cardiac and renal diseases interact in a complex bidirectional and interdependent manner in both acute and chronic settings. Cardio renal syndromes (CRSs) are broadly defined as disorders of the heart and kidneys whereby acute or chronic dysfunction in one organ may induce acute or chronic dysfunction of the other. They are Classified into five subtypes. Our study is randomized prospective cohort study was performed at Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Internal Medicine Department of Assiut University Hospitals. It was conducted in the period from January 2018 to January 2019. The study included 500 patients were admitted to ICU for different causes. One hundred of (20%) patients developed AKI. while 400 (80%) patients didn´t develop AKI. Using a large inception cohort of critically ill patients who underwent routine echocardiography within the first 24 hours of intensive care unit (ICU) admission, we examined the association of left, right, and biventricular dysfunction with the risk of AKI as defined by current guidelines. The most important risk factors for AKI in patients with CHF (either acute or chronic ) are male, older age with higher frequency of diabetes (DM), abnormal ECG changes, lower ejection fraction, and diastolic dysfunction. However, high troponin I and older age are the most important risk factors for AKI in patients with acute MI. Our study revealed that AKI was higher in patient with biventricular dysfunction, left ventricular dysfunction, right ventricular dysfunction, respectively (either acute or chronic decompensated heart failure). Also, we found that majority of the patient developed AKI stage 1 according to KDIGO guidelines 2012. While, majority of the patient (50%) with grade III AKI had biventricular dysfunction.So, careful monitoring of susceptible patients in ICU is recommended for early detection and management of AKI in those patients.