الفهرس 
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Abstract
Research Aims
Applying the sustainable production strategies in the domestic textiles industry via utilizing the nanotechnology in developing multifunctional upholstery fabrics.
Use the nanotechnology as an eco-friendly technology instead of the conventional finishing treatments in the textiles surface-coating.
Achieving the stability of nanoparticles on the fabric’s surface, which was a problem before in the previous treatments, by using the Itaconic acid as an eco-friendly substance in the treatment emulsion.
Imparting durable specific characteristics including, ultra-violet protection, self-cleaning, stain resistance, antimicrobial and fire-retardant properties to the treated fabrics.
Improve the mechanical properties of the treated fabrics.
The results of the tests and statistical analysis proved the following:
First, Mechanical Properties
All the samples have recorded increase in the weight values after treatment. Where, sample No.1 (100% cotton) has achieved the highest value of weight after treatment.
Some of the samples have recorded an increase in the thickness values after treatment and the others have recorded a decrease of thickness. where Sample No.5 (50% cotton / 50% polyester) has achieved the highest increase ratio in the results of thickness.
All the samples have achieved increase in the tensile strength values in both warp and weft directions, where sample No. 6 (50% viscose / 50% polyester) has recorded the highest value of tensile strength in the warp direction, while sample No. 7 (100% polyester) has recorded the highest value of the tensile strength in the weft direction.
The results also showed an increase in the elongation values of all samples in both warp and weft directions, as sample No. 6 (50% viscose / 50% polyester) has recorded the highest value of elongation in the warp direction and sample No. 7 (100% polyester) has recorded the highest value in the weft direction.
The abrasion values of nano-treated samples have also increased with different rates in both warp and weft directions, which may reach to 700%
Second, Functional Properties
The self-cleaning and stain resistance of the treated fabrics improved significantly, reaching to 91% in Sample No. 1 (100% cotton).
The UPF improved to an excellent degree for all treated samples, with an improvement ratio ranges from approximately 104% -387%.
Sample No. 1 (100% cotton) achieved a significant improvement in bacterial resistance after treatment with 1.5% TiO2 NPs.
Treatment with TiO2 NPs and 2.5% of (HMTAP) enhanced the fire retardant properties of the treated cotton fabrics with a large percentage.
FTIR analysis proved the formed chemical bonds on the treated sample surface as a result of the chemical reaction.
SEM of treated cotton fabrics indicated the presence of TiO2 nanoparticles on the fabric surface and proved the good distribution of the particles over the entire fabric surface.
EDX pattern of treated cotton sample with TiO2 NPs showed the presence of titanium metal, which amounted to 0.31% of fabric weight. In addition, notice the presence of oxygen and carbon atoms.
Durability test results showed the ratio of decrease in the functional properties after washing process. where the UPF had decreased to 64.9% after 15 wash cycles, while the bacterial resistance had decreased to 33%. In addition, the fire retardant properties of the treated fabrics had decreased also. This is due to the reduction of the TiO2 NPs and HMTAP proportion in the treated fabrics when applying more washing cycles.