الفهرس 
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Abstract
Habitual abortion (HA) is an important reproductive problem affecting 1-5% among reproductive ages’ women and associated with underlying causes in about 50% among RPL couples. Habitual abortion refers to three or more consecutive pregnancy losses before 20 weeks (Branch et al., 2019). However, clinical evaluation should be considered after two early consecutive pregnancy losses, especially for anxious couples having infertility treatment or when woman’s age is older than 35 years old (Kutteh, 2015).
Habitual abortion is one of the most catastrophic complications of pregnancy, causing disappointment and frustration particularly for childless-primary recurrent miscarriage women (Rai & Regan, 2016). Repeated and recurrent pregnancy losses are negative experiences accompanied by psychological morbidity with an intense feeling of loss, not just of an embryo or fetus, but the loss of a child, loss of motherhood, and loss of their role as a woman also (Craig et al., 2016).
However, providing as much detailed medical information as possible for women undergoing habitual abortion is important. Providing information is critical in which women should be educated about such these habitual abortion issues like possible causes, time frames for investigations, diagnostic progression and potential treatment based on diagnostic outcomes, term pregnancy rates in relation to numbers of previous losses, and known versus unknown causes. In short, the women need to know the decision tree of care that serves to reduce frustration (Hutti, 2015).
So, nurses must integrate their multidisciplinary professional roles for caring among these women and implementing evidence-based nursing care to promote women’s general health well being undergoing habitual abortion. Also, nurses are ideally positioned in offering psychological support and as a liaison between woman post abortion and related support services taking into account factors affecting women’s psychological responses. As well as, nurses should conduct health educational campaigns and nursing counseling sessions with applied therapeutic communication principles and ways to improve women’s perception regarding their habitual abortion (Ricci& Kyle, 2019).
The present study was aimed to assess women’s perception concerning their habitual abortion.
Research questions were
1. What is women’s perception concerning causes and risk factors of habitual abortion?
2. Do women have correct knowledge regarding habitual abortion?
3. What is women’s attitude toward their habitual abortion?
4. Is there a relation between women’s attitude regarding their habitual abortion and general characteristics & history?
The study was conducted at Ain Shams Habitual Abortion Outpatient Clinic. A descriptive study design was utilized. Two hundred thirty-four women were recruited in this study depending on the inclusion criteria.
Three tools of data collection were used as the following:
I. A structured interviewing questionnaire.
II. Women’s perception tool.
III. Likert Scale.
The researcher had attended the previously mentioned study setting for six months from July until December/2018 two days/week (Sunday&Thursday) from 9 to 1 pm. The researcher interviewed six women per day according to their sequences of attendance from the clinic registration book. Each interview had consumed 20-25 min. interviewing Arabic questionnaire schedule was utilized, followed by the perception tool and finally, with the Likert scale to assess women’s attitudes toward their habitual abortion until a pre-determined number (234 women) was obtained.
The present study findings revealed that 59% and 56% among studied sample correctly agreed that uterine structural abnormalities and hormonal imbalance & fetal congenital anomalies respectively were possible causes of habitual abortion. Additionally, 74% agreed that longstanding stress is the single common risk factor that may increase possibility of habitual abortion.
Moreover, the present study findings illustrated that 83%, 68%, 52% and 69% in the order had incorrect knowledge concerning complications, investigations, management method as well as habitual abortion and future pregnancy.
As well as, the current study findings demonstrated that 62% among studied sample had positive attitude toward their habitual abortion. A statistical significant relations were found between studied sample attitude and their age, area of residence, duration of marriage, family history, fertility and surgical history, No. of habitual abortion, No. of living births, and timing of abortion.
Thus, the present study findings were conclouded that half the studied sample had truly perceived some possible causes of habitual abortion.However; the majority misperceived most risk factors. More than half had total incorrect knowledge regarding habitual abortion. Two third had positive attitude. Age, area of residence, living births had significant impacts on positive attitude.
Based on the present study findings the following recommendations suggested:
1. Design and implement post abortion counseling sessions
2. Hospital administrators must pay attention for designing simple guided brochures and posters regarding habitual abortion at Ain Shams Habitual Abortion Outpatient Clinic.
3. Conduct health educational campaigns regarding habitual abortion in the rural area.