الفهرس 
Basic Concepts for Wastewater TreatmentOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The thesis is divided into five chapters:
Chapter I: It contains a breif introduction regarding wastewater
treatment, technologies available for contaminant removal
usingadsorption technique.Classification of adsorbents, Controlling
adsorbent performance and mechanisms of adsorption were also
discussed in details.
Chapter II:It involves removal of Hg(II) from the aqueous
solution using sulfur doped ZnO nano particles(ZnO:S). The effect of
various parameters such as solution pH, adsorbent dose, contact time,
initial adsorbate concentration has been studied and optimized. The
optimized parameters for metal ion are pH value of 2.4, the equilibrium
time was attained after 30 min, and the maximum removal percentage
was achieved at an adsorbent loading weight of 0.08 g. It was found that
the adsorption capacity of ZnO:S increased with increase in the initial
mercury concentration. The equilibrium and kinetic data were found to be
in good agreement with Freundlich isotherm model.
Chapter III:It presentsthe adsorption ability of Salvadora
persica (Miswak) root powder and tested as a green biosorbent for the
removal of barium and strontium from wastewater and radioactive
wastes. The structure of the powder SP(M) and its chemical properties
were characterized and evaluated by FTIR spectrometry and SEM
morphology. The adsorption efficiency has been investigated as a
function of pH, contact time, adsorbent dose and initial metal ions
concentration. The experimental data were analyzed using equilibrium
isotherm, and kinetic models. The isotherm data agreed fairly well with Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. According to Langmuir
isotherm model, the maximum adsorption capacity was sufficiently high
compared with many of the previously reported adsorbents and found to
be 34.97 and 41.49 mg/g for Ba(II) and Sr(II), respectively. Miswak
proved to be suitable and efficient biosorbent, environmentally friendly,
cost effective and obtained from naturally and widely grown trees in
many parts of the world.
Chapter IV:It illustrated the developmentof a cost-effective
method for sulfide removal from wastewater using alumina (Al2O3) as
adsorbent. Batch sorption experiments were carried out to test and
automate different operational factors such as adsorbent dose, pH, contact
time and initial concentration of sulfide. The equilibrium information for
sulfide sorption is well suited to the isotherm of Langmiur rather than
Freundlish isotherm. Aluminum oxide was demonstrated to be very
effective in sulfide removal from wastewater samples with a capacity up
to 261.79 mg/g. The calculated (qe) value is reasonably close to the
observed experimental value, which implies that the adsorption behavior
of aluminum oxide sulfide obeys pseudo-second order kinetics. Intraparticle diffusion model, Weber model, was also studied to explain the
influence of transfer of sulfide from solution to solid surface of adsorbent
at the reaction. The results showed two linear regions referring to the
participation of two steps in the reaction. The linearity in the first region
refereed to a diffusion of sulfide into macro-pores of adsorbent, while the
second linear region showed that the adsorbate particles diffused within a
micro-pore of adsorbent.
Chapter V:It represents a qualitative screening for different
Hashish street samples in Eygpt using thermal sepration probe (TSP) integrated with-gas chromatography–mass spectro-metry (GC/MS)
technique. The use of TSP offered a minimal or no sample treatment,
rapid analysis and eco-friendly technique in which no solvents were used
for sample dissolution. In this study, three different Hashish samples
identified as A, B and C were collected from the local market and
analyzed using the presented technique. The data collected after analysis
showed that the phentopic index (X) of samples (A) and (B) were (0.55)
and (0.47), respectively and their origins were Labanese origin. For
sample (C) its phenotopic index (X) was (2.64) which can recommend its
origin to be from Morocco or India. All identified terpenes were 5,5-
dimethyl-1-vinylbicyclo[2.1.1] hexane (Hashishene), α-pinene, trans-2-
caren-4-ol, p-mentha-1,4(8)-diene, cis-sabinene hydrate, transpinocarveol, cis-carveol, naphthalene, 1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,7-octahydro-4amethyl-, bergamiol, caryophyllene, humulene, alloaromadendrene, αgurjunene, β-guaiene, (±)-cadinene, γ-himachalene, nerolidol,
caryophyllene oxide, aristolene epoxide, selin-6-en-4α-ol, caryophylla4(12),8(13)-dien-5α-ol, isoaromadendrene epoxide, alloaromadendrene
oxide-(1).
The identified cannabinoids included cannbiorchochromene
(CBC-C1), tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV), delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta-8-THC), exo-THC, cannabichromene, cannabidiol
(CBD), cannabielsoin (CBE), dronabinol (delta-9-THC), cannabigerol
(CBG) and Cannabinol (CBN).