الفهرس 
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Abstract
This study was carried out in the Microbiology and Immunology department Faculty of Medicine Minia University during the period from April 2014 to January 2016.two hundred and eighty vaginal and rectal samples were collected from pregnant women at the third trimester (37 weeks or more) and cultured to isolate streptococcus agalactia.
Each patient was subjected to: full history taking including name age and obstetric history (number of pregnancies, history of previous pre-term labour, history of previous pre mature rupture of membranes (PROM) history of previous neonatal sepsis and number of normal vaginal deliveries
Swabs were examined for the presence of GBS colonization. Out of 280 samples, 50 (17.8 %) were isolated and identified from cultures as GBS colonization while the remaining 230 (82.2%) of samples contained organisms other than GBS. Out of 50 GBS isolates 20/50 (40%) were obtained from vaginal samples, and 30/50 (60%) isolates from rectal swabs
All isolates of GBS were exposed to 9 different antimicrobial agents 49/50(98%) isolates were resistant to erythromycin, There was high resistance rate among GBS isolates to the following antimicrobials: 48/50 (96%) to linzolid,followed by43/50 (86%) to vancomycin ,37/50, (74%) of the total isolates were resistant to Amoxicillin clavulinic acid, 29/50 (58%) to tetracycline and 23/50 (46%) to cefibim On the other hand, our study has reported low resistance rates to the following antimicrobials; 8/50 (16%) of the total isolates were resistant to imipenem,12/50 (24%) to ciprofloxacin and 19/ 50(38%) to ceftazidime
After molecular detection of ere B genes responsible for erythromycin resistance, All Erythromycin resistant isolates were positive for ereB gene except 10/50 isolates were -ve suggesting the presence of other mechanisms of resistance.
The study concluded that there is a high prevalence of GBS among pregnant females in Minia Governorate with high resistance to most antibiotics. There are different mechanisms for acquiring erythromycin resistance and we detected the ere B gene as one of the most important mechanisms of resistance. Therefore, antibiotic sensitivity testing should be conducted for best treatment of infections with this organism and a continuous search for the resistance among GBS and their mechanisms should be examined in future studies.