الفهرس 
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Abstract
Aim: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of finishing protocol and zirconia content on surface roughness and translucency of Zirconia-Reinforced Lithium Silicate (Celtra Duo).
Methodology: Disks (10 mm in diameter and 2.2 mm thick) were fabricated for the following groups (n=7): polished Celtra Duo CAD, glazed Celtra Duo CAD and IPS e.max CAD (control group). The surface roughness (Ra) of the specimens were measured with optical profilometer and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Additionally, the translucency (TP) of the specimens were measured with spectrophotometer. The TP was calculated from the color difference of the material on a black versus a white background. The influence of material type and surface finishing protocol on surface roughness and translucency were analyzed using a multivariate analysis, 1-way ANOVA, and the Tukey’s post-hoc test (P<.05).
Results: the effect of finishing protocol (p =0.8204) and ceramic type (p= 0.4448) on surface roughness was non-significant among the tested groups. Whereas, the effect of ceramic type on translucency was significant (p= 0.0023), where Celtra Duo CAD ceramics demonstrated significantly higher translucency when compared to IPS e.max CAD ceramics. However, the effect of finishing protocol on translucency of Celtra duo groups was non-significant.
Conclusion: Celtra Duo CAD is more translucent than IPS e.max CAD regardless of the finishing protocol. The surface roughness of Celtra Duo CAD and IPS e.max CAD are comparable.
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To my beloved parents, who have been my source of inspiration and gave me strength when I thought of giving up, who continually provide their moral, spiritual and emotional support.
To my brothers, sister, relatives, mentors, friends and classmates who shared their words of advice and encouragement to finish this thesis.