الفهرس 
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Abstract
This study shows the development of the use of the solar collector by a new technique to be used to evaporate brackish water instead water heating. The study were done in Mansoura city (31° 2′ N, 31° 22′ E), Egypt, during the summer. The benefit from the heat discharged from the process of intensification of fresh water in increasing the evaporation and raise saline water temperature entry the solar collector. That is leads to increase the productivity significantly and provide the energy used for operations desalination system. A solar desalination system is designed by evaporation of brackish water (TDS 3500 ppm) by solar energy within a 2 m2 solar collector. The absorbate energy to condensate the vapour was used in the evaporation process by spraying the brackish water over hot rod inside the flash chamber, thus making the most of the recycling of energy instead of storing and re-use. The study is tested in different cases: - First case study the effect of changing the levels of saline water filling inside the solar evaporation collector on fresh water production, efficiency and cost. - Case two study the two levels of different days and the effect of the solar intensity on fresh water production, efficiency and cost. - Case three study the effect of changing the levels of saline water filling by using wick inside pipes of solar evaporation collector on fresh water production, efficiency and cost.IV It is clear from the experiments that the strong influence on fresh water production is the effect of solar radiation and the levels of brackish water filling in solar evaporation collector. - The first case, the results show that the highest productivity was 17 kg/m2 .day at Tvap,av = 87.2 oC , solar radiation 949 W/m2 and mass level water 1.588 kg. - The second case, the maximum yield was 16.1 kg/m2 .day at Tvap, av =87.6 oC, solar radiation 931 W/m2 and mass level water 1.912 kg. - The third case, the productivity reached to 20 kg/m2 .day at Tvap,av = 87.16 oC , solar radiation 925 W/m2 and mass level water 1.912 kg. The best of economic study is the case three was used the wick. According to these results, the production of fresh water by the present system is higher than that produced by other previous studies. The cost of 1 L of distillate water was found to be 0.14 LE.