الفهرس 
Feed Additives in Nano FormsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 125 |  |  |
| | | from | 125 | | |
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of the use of some nanomaterials (copper and zinc) on the weight, feed conversion ratio and some biochemical changes and antioxidants in catfish. 350 fish (medium weight 90 g) were obtained from a local commercial source and were randomly divided into 7 groups, each with 50 fish.
The first group (control group): fish were fed on the main diet (corn, soybean meal, sunflower extract, fish meal, calcium carbonate, vitamin C, sodium chloride, copper sulfate, zinc oxide) Without any additives.
The second group: fish were fed on the same basic diet, in addition to 5 mg / kg of total feed, copper oxide nanoparticles instead of copper sulfate.
The third group: fish were fed the same basic diet, in addition to 2.5 mg / kg of diet, Cuo NP instead of copper sulfate.
The fourth group: fish were fed the same basic feed, plus 1.25 mg / kg of the feed, CuO NP instead of copper sulfate.
The fifth group: fish were fed on the same basic diet, plus 20 mg / kg of diet, with zinc oxide nanoparticle, instead of ordinary zinc oxide.
The sixth group: fish were fed on the same basic diet, plus 10 mg / kg of diet feed with zinc oxide nanoparticle, instead of ordinary zinc oxide.
The seventh group: fish were fed on the same basic diet, plus 5 mg / kg of diet, ZnO NP.
The main diet was formed according to the nutritional requirements of catfish. The weight gain rate was calculated by weighting the fish in each group every 15 days and noting the weight gain. And calculating some biochemical changes in fish blood, as well as some antioxidants were measured, and the following results were obtained:
At the end of the experiment, the seventh group that was fed on a diet containing 5 mg / kg DM of zinc oxide nanoparticles (quarter requirement from zinc)
recorded the best increasing(P≤0.05) in cumulative weight gain (168.28 gm) then fourth group which was fed on 1.25 mg/kg DM of copper oxide nanoparticles (quarter requirement from copper) where the fifth group which received 20 mg/kg of diet ZnO-NPs recorded the lowest weight gain (125.85 gm).
Referring to feed conversion ratio along the experimental period, the seventh group which fed on 5 mg / kg DM of ZnO-NPs recorded the best increasing(P≤0.05) in cumulative FCR (1.606 ) then fourth group which was fed on 1.25 mg/kg DM of CuO-NPs, where the second group which received 5 mg/kg DM of CuO-NPs recorded the lowest FCR (1.968).
The results have shown that seventh group (Gr Zn 3) that fed on the quarter requirement of zinc in the form of ZnO NP had a better result (P≤0.05) in some antioxidants as catalase which recorded 353.67 then Gr Zn 2 fed on half requirement of zinc 337.67 where the lowest value among all groups were recorded in Gr Cu 1 which received normal requirement of copper (5 mg/kg DM of CuO -NPs) 162.33.
where the results showed that fourth group fed on 1.25 mg/kg DM of CuO-NPs had the better (P≤0.05) value among the other CuO-NPs treated groups in serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione. The same result was observed in seventh group fed on 5 mg/kg DM of ZnO-NPs compared with other ZnO-NPs treated group.
The fourth and seventh group recrded the best results in some blood enzymes as lactate dehydrogenase (623.80 ± 21.71 and 584.66 ±23.73) and alkaline phosphatase (56.22 ± 3.22 and 29 ± 2. 55 respectively).
We noticed that kidney function test (creatinine and urea) and liver function tests were best in fourth and seventh group that have the lowest values comparing with other treated groups and control group.
This study proved that feeding fish quarter of requirement from copper and zinc in the nano form give the better level in serum triglyceride and cholesterol.
GN Control Gr Cu 1 Gr Cu 2 Gr Cu 3 Gr Zn 1 Gr Zn 2 Gr Zn 3
Catalase 315.67 ±
1.94c 162.33 ± 5.23d 306.33 ± 2.44c 322.33 ± 3.25b 324.83 ± 6.64b 337.67 ± 6.97b 353.67 ± 9.63a
SOD 74.6667 ± 1.63e 84.1667 ± 2.69e 204.33 ± 2.57d 208.00 ± 3.56d 230.67 ± 3.44c 254.67± 2.06b 277.67± 1.22a
Glutathione 422.67 ± 9.23d 154.33 ± 4.89f 379.33± 9.62e 510.67 ± 6.22c 320.33 ± 9.21e 525.00 ± 9.01b 542 ± 6.35a