الفهرس 
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Abstract
Salt affected soils represent about 30 % from the total cultivated area in Egypt and 37% of the total cultivated soils in Nile Delta, while the North Delta contains the highest area of saline and saline-sodic soils (46%).
The present investigation aims to study the following topics:
1-The effect of different soil salinity levels on certain soil microorganisms in rhizosphere of maize plants and some growth parameters of maize plants.
2- The effect of saline soil reclamation by salt leaching on some chemical properties of the leached soils, rhizosphere microflora of maize plants and some growth parameters of maize plants grown in the leached soils.
3- The effect of different soil sodicity levels on rhizosphere microflora of peas plants and some growth parameters of peas plants.
4- The effect of sodic soil reclamation by gypsum application on some chemical properties of the amended sodic soils, rhizosphere microflora of peas plants and some growth parameters of peas plants grown in the amended soils.
Six soil samples of EC values from 2.4 to 12 dS/m-1 , compared with non-saline soil and Six soil samples of ESP values from 18 to 93.1% ,compared with non-sodic soils were collected from El-Minia Governorate.
Four greenhouse experiments were carried out at Agricultural Microbiology and Soil Sciences Departments, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University were conducted to study the aforementioned topics.
Form the results obtained from this study, the following conclusion can be made:
1- Soil Salinity had negative effect on count of microorganisms in rhizosphere and growth parameters of maize plants.
2- Saline soils reclamation by salt leaching to safety limit decreased by EC values in the leached soils, pH and ESP values slightly affected by leaching.
3- Salt leaching improved rhizosphere microflora and growth parameters of maize plants growth in the leached soils.
4- Soil sodicity had negative effect on count of microorganisms in rhizosphere and growth parameters of peas plants.
5- Sodic soils reclamation by gypsum application decreased the value of EC, pH and ESP in the amended sodic soils.
6- Gypsum application of sodic soils increased the microorganisms in the rhizosphere and growth parameters of peas plants grown in the amended soils.