الفهرس 
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Abstract
This study was a descriptive study which conducted on 75 patients pregnant with pre-gestational diabetes mellitus in El-Shatby University Hospital.
The aim of this work is to assess the effect of pre-gestational diabetes and risk of adverse maternal, prenatal & neonatal outcomes in Alexandria-Egypt.
All cases undergone to routine investigations CBC, HBA1C, ABO group & Rh, serology (HBV, Rubella, syphilis), urine analysis, baseline renal function, thyroid function tests, neuro examination, fundus examination by an ophthalmologist.
All cases undergone to full anomaly scan: U/S was done at 18-20 wk to detect congenital malformations and U/S was done at 28-32 wk to assess fetal growth to detect macrosomia &IUGR & repeat at 3-4 wk intervals.
CTG was done weekly at 32 to 34 wk then increase the frequency of testing to twice weekly from 36 wk until delivery.
The PGD related adverse pregnancy outcomes can will be followed during pregnancy as follow and detect prevalence of each in studied cases in relation to glucose level control:
Maternal complications include:
Polyhydramnios, ante partum Hge, pre eclampsia, DKA, ICU admission, post partum Hge and wound complications.
Fetal complications include:
Congenital fetal malformation, , IUFD, IUGR and macrosomia.
Natal complications include:
Prolonged labor, erb’s palsy, NICU admission and low apgar score.
Neonatal complications include:
Respiratory distress, jaundice, neonatal hypoglycemia and neonatal death.
The results of this study showed that:
Maternal complications, it was found that 19 patients (28.4 %) have Polyhydramnios , 14 patients (20.9 %) have pre eclampsia, 8 patients (11.9 %) have diabetic ketoacidosis, 5 patients (7.4 %) have ICU admission.
It was found that 4 patients (6.0%) have postpartum hemorrhage and 10 patients (14.9 %) have wound complications after delivery.
Regarding the mode of delivery it was found that 63 patients (94 %) have caesarian section delivery while 4 p