الفهرس 
Diagnosis of Heart FailureOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Heart failure continues to be a major public health and economic burden worldwide because of its chronic and progressive course, which carries a significant morbidity and mortality risk. Congestive heart failure CHF) refers to a clinical state of systemic and pulmonary congestion resulting from inability of the heart to pump as much blood as required for the adequate metabolism of the body. The clinical picture of CHF results from a combination of relatively low output, and compensatory responses to increase it. Measuring biomarkers in the blood can facilitate pediatric heart failure management, as they provide valuable information on disease diagnosis, severity, and prognosis; such as growth differentiation factor 15(GDF-15).