الفهرس 
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Abstract
Hirsutism is the excessive growth of terminal hair in androgen sensitive regions of skin of females in a male-like pattern. IH and PCOS together account for about 90% of causes of hirsutism.
Obesity, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance (IR) have been assessed in PCOS but it is not confirmed whether IH patients have similar metabolic consequences or not.
Thus, in the present study we aimed to investigate and assess obesity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, serum adiponectin and cardiovascular risk in females with IH.
This study was conducted on 75 females divided into three groups: group A included 25 PCOS cases selected from the Outpatient Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Menoufia University Hospital; group B included 25 IH cases selected from the Outpatient Clinic of Dermatology, Menoufia University Hospital and group C included 25 healthy, age-matched females selected from healthy relatives and blood bank donors. Cases were selected during the period between January 2016 and March 2017 and control subjects were selected during the same period. Any case or control subject with any systemic disease, overweight, obese, Smoking, hypertension, diabetes, chronic liver or cardiovascular disease, thyroid disorders, receiving medications that may affect serum lipid level or cause hirsutism or having dermatological diseases other than hirsutism was excluded.
All participants in the study were subjected to:
History taking, general examination, dermatologic examination and assessment of hirsutism according to the modified Ferriman-Gallwey (MFG) score. Transabdominal ovarian ultrasonography and anthropometric measurements including weight, height and BMI were assessed. Laboratory investigations including fasting blood sugar, triglycerides, HDL, LDL, insulin and adiponectin (ADN) were also done. Assessment of IR was done by homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) according to HOMA- IR = fasting glucose (mg/dl) x fasting insulin (μIU/mL) /405.
In the present study, Body weight, BMI and waist circumference were significantly higher in IH group compared to control (P<0.05 for all) but height showed no significant difference between the two groups (P value >0.05). Body weight, BMI and waist circumference were significantly higher in PCO group compared to control (P<0.05 for all) but height showed no significant difference between the two groups (P value >0.05). There was no significant difference between IH group and PCO group regarding body weight, height, BMI and waist circumference (P value > 0.05 for all).
These results can be explained by the role of leptin which is an adipokine having a vital role in lipid metabolism and other physiological systems of the body’s energy balance and is thought to be related to overall and central adiposity seen in hirsute women.
Serum cholesterol, TGs and LDL were significantly higher in IH cases compared to controls (P<0.05 for all). HDL was significantly lower in IH cases compared to controls (P<0.05). Fasting serum insulin was significantly higher in IH group compared to control (P<0.05) while fasting blood sugar showed no significant difference in IH cases and controls (P>0.05). Serum cholesterol, TGs and LDL were significantly higher in PCO cases compared to controls (P<0.05 for all). HDL was significantly lower in PCO cases compared to controls (P<0.05). Fasting serum insulin and fasting blood sugar were significantly higher in PCO cases compared to control (P<0.05 for both). Serum cholesterol, TGs, HDL and LDL were not significantly different between in IH and PCO cases (P >0.05 for all).Fasting serum insulin was not significantly different (P>0.05) while fasting blood sugar was significantly higher in PCO cases compared to IH cases (P<0.05).