الفهرس 
Introduction and aim of workOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 116 |  |  |
| | | from | 116 | | |
Abstract
Communities residing in the nose playimportant roles in human health and disease. Environmental pollution can alter the nasal microbiome leading to a disturbance in the microbiome community structure. Thus the identification of nasal microbiota and the correlation among community members is crucial for the prevention and treatment of many respiratory diseases.Bacterial DNA from 19 participants nasal sampleswere isolated and 16 rRNA gene sequenced by high throughput using Illumina MiSeq. QIIME analysis of data showed that, alpha diversity of nasal microbiota in ruralcommunities was significantly higher.Thesignificant increased diversity observed among rural communities may potentially help in resisting colonization of opportunistic pathogens and maintaining the immune balance.However, any microbial disruption may influence microbial harmony and immune response. The increase in inflammatory conditions was also linked to low microbial diversity. Taxonomic compositional analysis of the phylum level revealed significant geography based microbiota variation among the two groups.The rural group hada significant increase in representation of Actinobacteria and Bacteriodetes compared to the industrial group. However, the industrial group showed a significant increase inrelative abundance of phylum Proteobacteria.Rural communities had more distinct and diverse genera than industrial communities. These exclusive genera that were found among rural group were believed to contribute to a healthy nasal microbiome structure. The significant decrease of Corynebacterium spp in the industrial groupand the higher abundance of Staphylococcus versus rural group, suggesting microbial competition between the two community members.In addition, the industrial group was characterized by the presence of Haemophilus spp. The altered microbiota may be a predisposing factor for certain mucosal diseases.Ornithobacterium hominis, a clinically important bacterium was found to be present in most of the samples and was correlated with respiratory diseases. Marked differences in nasal microbiota between a rural community and an industrial setting located near a major urban city wereobserved.