الفهرس 
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Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is the most common neurobehavioral disorder of childhood and one of among the most prevalent chronic health conditions affecting school-age children. ADHD is characterized by inattention, poor impulse control and decreased self-inhibitory capacity, motor overactivity and motor restlessness.
There is a very strong genetic component to ADHD. RELN gene locates in 7q22 in human. It is largely known that RELN gene encodes an extracellular matrix, glycoprotein. This glycoprotein has an important role in neurodevelopment by regulating neuronal migration, laminar organization, dendritic connections and neurotransmission. It is known that mutations or altered protein expression in the RELN gene predispose to various neuropsychiatric diseases, including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, autism, and Alzheimer’s disease.
The aim of that study was to analyze the relationship between the genetic variants of RELN gene polymorphism and ADHD in Egyptian children.
This case-controlled study was conducted in the Department of Pediatrics, Menoufia University Hospitals in collaboration with the Molecular Biology and Medical Biochemistry Department from March 2018 to February of 2019. This study included 205 children divided into two groups:
group I (ADHD): 100 children with ADHD (28 females and 72 males), ranging in age from 6 years to 14 years old. All the patients were identified as having ADHD by using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual V (DSM-5) criteria.
group II (control group): 105 apparently healthy children served as a control group of matching age and gender (34 females and 71 males), ranging in age from 7 years to 13 years old.
Inclusion criteria:
Age: 6-18 years
Sex: both sexes
Diagnosis of ADHD patients was based on:
- History
- Clinical examination
- DSM-5 criteria (15)
Exclusion criteria:
Patients with genetic disorders or congenital diseases.
Any children with chronic systemic diseases
Refusal of parental consent.
Any children with any evidence of conduct disorder, mood disorder, anxiety disorder, Tourette’s disorder, and other psychotic disorder, were excluded from the study.